CPE529C COMPUTER NETWORK AND SECURITY

Flashcards for Computer Network and Security Lecture Review

Network Infrastructure

Hardware components categorized as host devices, intermediary devices, and network media.

Host Devices

Computers connected to a network that participate directly in network communication.

Intermediary Devices

Devices that interconnect host devices, such as switches, wireless access points, routers, and firewalls.

Network Media

The medium through which communication across a network is carried, such as metal wires, fiber optic cables, and wireless transmission.

Physical Network Diagram

Illustrates the physical location of intermediary devices and cable installation.

Logical Network Diagram

Illustrates devices, ports, and the addressing scheme of the network.

Private Network (LAN)

A network that is privately owned and managed, such as a home or office network.

Public Network

A network accessible to the public, such as the internet.

The Internet

A worldwide collection of interconnected networks.

Converged Networks

Carry multiple services on one link, including data, voice and video

Bandwidth

Capacity of a medium to carry data.

Throughput

Measure of the transfer of bits across the media over a given period.

Latency

The time, including delays, for data to travel from one given point to another.

Network Metrics

Parameters that ensures guarantees the performance of the network.

Fault Tolerant Network

Network that limits the impact of a failure by limiting the number of affected devices.

Scalable Network

Can expand quickly and easily to support new users and applications without impacting the performance of services to existing users

Quality of Service (QoS)

Primary mechanism used to ensure reliable delivery of content for all users.

Integrity

Assurance that the data has not be altered with during transmission.

Three elements to any communication

A source (sender), a destination (receiver), and a channel (media)

Communication Protocols

Rules that must be followed for the message to be successfully delivered and understood.

Encapsulation

Adding addressing information to the data that make up the message.

Unicast

One-to-one communication

Multicast

One-to-many, typically not all, communication

Broadcast

One-to-all communication.

Anycast

Nearest node communication

Layered approach

Splits down network functions to describe each operation.

Application Layer

Represents data to the user, plus encoding and dialog control.

Transport Layer

Supports communication between various devices across diverse networks.

Internet Layer

Determines the best path through the network.

Network Access Layer

Controls the hardware devices and media that make up the network.

Application Layer (OSI Model)

Protocols used for process-to-process communications.

Presentation Layer

Provides for common representation of the data transferred between application layer services.

Session Layer

Provides services to the presentation layer and manages data exchange.

Transport Layer (OSI Model)

Services to segment, transfer, and reassemble the data for individual communications.

Network Layer

Services to exchange the individual pieces of data over the network.

Data Link Layer

Methods for exchanging data frames over a common media.

Physical Layer

Means to activate, maintain, and deactivate physical connections.

Encapsulation

The process where protocols add their information to the data.

Network of Media

Transmit data, provides the channel over which the message travels from source to destination.

Metal wires within cables

Data encodes into electrical impulses.

Glass or plastic fibers within cables (fiber-optic cable)

Data encodes into light pulses.

Wireless transmission

Data is encoded via modulation of specific frequencies of electromagnetic waves

Ethernet technology

Typically used twisted-pair cables to interconnect devices.

Coaxial Cable

One of the earliest types of network cabling developed.

Fiber-Optic Cable

Communication at very high speeds over long distances.

Data link layer source and destination addresses

Delivering the data link frame from one network interface card (NIC) to another NIC on the same network.

Network layer source and destination addresses

Delivering the IP packet from original source to the final destination.

Source IP address

The IP address of the sending device, original source of the packet

Destination IP address

The IP address of the receiving device, final destination of the packet.

Network portion (IPv4) or Prefix (IPv6)

The left-most part of the address indicates the network group which the IP address is a member.

Host portion (IPv4) or Interface ID (IPv6)

The remaining part of the address identifies a specific device within the group.