AP Bio Topic 6: Unit 3+4

Transcription

The synthesis of RNA using info from DNA

gene expression

The process by which DNA directs the synthesis of proteins

Codon

mRNA nucleotide triplets that code for amino acids

5' cap

The 5' end of the pre-mRNA receives a modified guanine nucleotide cap

Poly-A tail

The 3' end of the pre-mRNA recieves 50-250 adenine nucleotides

redundancy

more than one codon code for each amino acid

Alternative splicing

A single gene can code for more than one kind of polypeptide

RNA splicing

Sections of the pre-mRNA called introns are removed and the exons are joined together

Translation

The synthesis of a polypeptide using information from the mRNA

Anticodon

a region that is complementary and antiparallel to mRNA

Stop Codon

Signals for a release factor, does not signal for amino acids, hydrolyzes the bond that holds the polypeptide to the P site