Isomers

5.4 only so far

Are chiral compounds optically active?

Yes

Are achiral compounds optically active?

No

How do enantiomers rotate light planes?

Enantiomers will rotate the plane of plane-polarized light in equal amounts but in opposite directions

How do specific rotations relate to enantiomers?

Specific rotations for enantiomers are equal in magnitude but opposite in direction

Can R and S configuration be used to determine rotation direction?

No, they cannot, they are independent of each other

What is the activity for a mixture of enantiomers in unequal amounts?

A solution containing both enantiomers in unequal amounts will be optically active

What is the activity for a mixture of enantiomers in equal amounts?

Since there are equal amounts of both enantiomers, the net rotation will be zero degrees. Although the individual compounds are optically active, the mixture is not optically active