UNIT 2: WORK AND MOTIVATION

motivation

factors that influence the behavior of workers towards achieving business goals. motivation can be increased by: monetary rewards, non-monetary rewards; introducing ways to increase job satisfaction. 

job satisfaction

The enjoyment a worker gets from feeling that they have done a good job. There are three ways to motivate workers to be more committed to their job and work more effectively: job rotation, job enlargement, job enrichment.

job rotation

swapping workers round and only doing a specific task before swapping again

job enlargement

extra tasks are added to the job to make it more interesting

job enrichment

adding tasks that require more skill and/or responsibility

Theory X

The average person does not like work. Workers must be constantly supervised so they will work. Motivation is from external factors.

Theory Y

The average person is motivated by internal factors. To motivate workers, you need to find ways to help workers take an interest in their work 

Maslow’s hierarchy of needs

A theory of motivation which states that 5 categories of human needs dictate an individual’s behavior. Thoes needs are psychological needs, safety needs, love and belonging needs, esteem needs and self-actualization needs

Frederick Herzberg’s motivation theory

Humans have two set of needs: one is for basic needs, which he called hygiene factors or needs, the second is for a human being to be able to grow psychologically, which he called motivational needs or motivators

hygiene factors

The factors that must be present in the workplace to prevent job dissatisfaction