Pcol Exam II

Which enzyme is the rate-limiting step in catecholamine synthesis?

Tyrosine hydroxylase

Which neurotransmitter is released by preganglionic neurons in both sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions?

Acetylcholine

Which adenergic receptor subtype is primarily responsible for vasoconstriction in blood vessels

alpha 1

Which drug blocks the norepinephrine transporter (NET) increasing synaptic NE

Cocaine

What adenergic receptor subtype is excitatory and increases heart rate and contracility

Beta 1

Which andrenergic receptor subtype causes bronchodilation when stimulated

Beta 2

Which adrenergic against is non-selective, stimilating alpha and beta receptors equally

epinephrine

Which adrenergic agonist causes reflex bradycardia due to strong vasocontriction

Norepinephrine

At low doses, dopamine primarily stimulates which receptor?

D1

Which adrenergic receptor subtype is located synaptically and inhibits NE release

alpha 2

Which drug depletes catecholamines by blocking vesicular storage

Reserpine

Which receptor subtype mediates lipolysis in adipose tissue?

Beta 3

Which adrenergic agonist is used in anaphylazis due to its combined alpha and beta effects

Epinephrine

Which alpha 2 agonist us used clinically for hypertension by reducing sympathetic outflow

Clonidine

Which adrenergic receptor subtype mediates renin release from the kidney?

Beta 1

A 45-year-old man presents to the ER with anaphylactic shock after a bee sting. He has hypotension, bronchospasm, and swelling of the lips. Which drug is most appropriate for immediate treatment?

Epinephrine

A patient is given an IV infusion of a catecholamine that causes severe vasoconstriction via α1 receptors. Shortly after, his blood pressure rises sharply, but his heart rate decreases. Which drug was most likely administered?

Norepinephrine

A patient in the ICU is started on a dopamine infusion. At low doses (<3 mcg/kg/min), which effect is expected?

increased renal blood flow via D1 receptors

A 60-year-old man with resistant hypertension is prescribed a drug that acts as a central α2 agonist, reducing sympathetic outflow. Which drug is most likely prescribed?

Clonidine

A young man presents with agitation, tachycardia, and hypertension after recreational drug use. His symptoms are due to inhibition of norepinephrine reuptake. Which transporter is blocked?

NET

A patient with asthma is prescribed a short-acting β2 agonist for acute bronchospasm. Which drug fits this profile?

Terbutaline

Which receptor subtype, when stimulated, inhibits norepinephrine release from presynaptic terminals?

alpha 2

A researcher is studying adrenergic receptor subtypes in adipose tissue. Which receptor mediates lipolysis?

Beta 3

Which structural feature defines catecholamines like epinephrine and norepinephrine?

Benzene ring with two hydroxyl groups

A patient is prescribed yohimbine. What is its mechanism of action?

alpha 2 antagonist

Which receptor subtype cause bronchodilation when activated

Beta 2

Which drug blocks NET, increasing synpatic norepinephrine

Atomoxetine

Which receptor subtype is involved in uterine relaxation

Beta 2

Which drug is a beta 1-selective agonist used in heart failure?

Dobutamine

A patient with asthma is experiencing acute bronchospasm. Which receptor should be targered to provide rapid relief?

Beta 2

A patient is given norepinephrine for hypotension. Shortly afterm their blood pressure rises but their rate rate slows. What explains this?

Reflex bradycardia due to alpha 1 mediated vasoconstriction

A patient with ADHD is prescribed atomoxetine. what is the expected effect at the synapse?

Inhibition of norepinephrine reuptake

A patient with orthostatic hypotension (sudden drop in BP when standing up) is prescribed midodrine. What is the MOA?

alpha 1 agonist

A patient with heart failure is given dobutamine. What receptor is being targeted and what is the expected effect?

Beta 1 and increased cardiac output

A patient overdoses on coaciane and presents with hypertension and tachycardia. What is the ynderlying mechaism?

Inhibition of NET

A patient with BPH is prescribed a beta 3 agonist for OAB. What risk should be monitored?

urinary retention

A patient is given phenylephrine for nasal congestion. What side effect is most likely if used exxcessively?

Rebound congestion

A patient is given epinephrine during cardiac arrest. What combination of receptor effects is most beneficial

alpha 1 and beta 1

What is a depolarazing neuromuscular blocker?

Succinylcholine

Which enzyme is primarily responsible for hydrolyzing acetatylcholine in neruonal synapses