Oxygenation & Cardiac Fundamentals

These flashcards cover key vocabulary terms and definitions related to oxygenation and cardiac fundamentals, based on the lecture notes.

Oxygenation

The process of delivering oxygen to the body's cells and removing carbon dioxide.

Hypoxia

Inadequate tissue oxygenation at the cellular level.

Hypoxemia

A low level of oxygen in arterial blood.

Dyspnea

Difficulty or labored breathing.

Ventilation

The physical movement of air into and out of the lungs.

Diffusion

The exchange of respiratory gases in the alveoli and capillaries.

Perfusion

The ability of the cardiovascular system to pump oxygenated blood to the tissues.

Telemetry

Monitoring of the heart's electrical activity using leads placed on the body.

Tachycardia

An abnormally rapid heart rate.

Bradycardia

An abnormally slow heart rate.

Chest Physiotherapy

Therapy to mobilize secretions and improve lung function.

Atelectasis

Collapse or closure of a lung resulting in reduced or absent gas exchange.

Pursed-Lip Breathing

A breathing technique used to improve ventilation; involves inhaling through the nose and exhaling slowly through pursed lips.

Incentive Spirometer

A device used to encourage deep breathing and prevent atelectasis.

Cardiac Output

The amount of blood the heart pumps in one minute.

Systole

The phase of the heartbeat when the heart muscles contract.

Diastole

The phase of the heartbeat when the heart muscles relax.

Preload

The amount of blood in the ventricles at the end of diastole.

Afterload

The resistance the heart must overcome to eject blood.

Cyanosis

A bluish discoloration of the skin due to lack of oxygen.

Clubbing

A deformity of the fingers or toes associated with chronic hypoxia.

Nebulization

The process of turning liquid medication into mist for inhalation.