AP GOV

Mandates

congress orders states to do smth

Unfunded Mandates

States must pay for smth themsleves

Intergovernmental Lobby

When states/local officials ask congress for money

Categorical Grants

Money must be spent in specific ways

Revenue Sharing

Money given to states that can be spent freely

Block Grants

Money with some restrictions, some states get flexibility 

Privliges and Immunities clause

States cannot take away privileges of US Citizens

Due process Clause

States cannot take life, liberty, property without fair process

Incorporation (Selective incorporation)

Parts of the Bil of rights MUST apply to states

Equal Protection Clause

Everyone is treated equally under the law

Civil rights act of 1964

Ends segregation in private businesses, Ensures equal oppurtunity

24th Amendment 1964

Ends Poll Taxes

Voting Rights Act 1965

ends literacy tests, encourages African American voter Registration 

American with Disabilities Act (1990)

Equal Access in employment, transportation, accomodations

Dred Scott 1857

Slave taken into free territory, sued for freedom, supreme court ruled he was not a citizen, Missouri Compromise unconstitutional (overturned by the 13th, 14th, 15th Amendment)

Johnson - Great Society

War on poverty, Expanded federal programs used categorical grants

Nixon

undid some great society programs, used revenue sharing

Reagan

Supply-side economics, Cut taxes, Shrunk government, Promoted block grants

Barron Vs Baltimore

(Due Process Clause) Bill of rights does not apply to states

Slaughterhouse cases

Priviliges and Immunites Clause- states may take away privliges, clauses become weak

Gitlow Vs New York

1st Amendmnet must be incorporated by the states

Mapp vs. Ohio

4th Amendment incorporated (search and seizure) (incorporation/ Selective)

Plessy Vs Fergurson

Seperate but equal (Equal protection clause cases)

Brown Vs. Board Of Education

Segregation in schools is unconstitutional (Equal protection clause cases)

Shaw Vs Reno

Sates can’t draw voting boundaries based on race (Equal protection clause cases)

Truman

ends segregation in the military

Jackie Robinson

Breaks color barrier in baseball

Integration

Mixes races legally

little rock 9

federal troops enforce school integration

Montgomery Bus Boycott

Rosa Parks and MArtin Luther King Jr

How did people fight segregation 1

Letter From Birmingham Jail

How did people fight segregation 2

MLK Speech “I have a dream”

19th Amendment

womens suffrage

title 9

women equal in education

Equal RIghts Amendment fails to pass 1972-1982