A+P Lab Quiz 1

Ventral (anterior)

• Toward or at the front of the body; in front of

• Ex: The breastbone is ____ to the spine

Dorsal (posterior)

• Toward or at the back of the body; behind

• Ex: The heart is _____ to the breastbone

Pseudostratified columnar epithelial

• Appears to be multilayered

• Squished together

• All cells anchored to the BM

Lateral

• Away from the middle of the body, on the outer side of

• Ex: The arm is ____ to the chest

Epithelial Tissues

Covers/lines

Transitional Epithelium

• Bottom cells appear cuboid

• Top Cells appear dome shaped or flat

Loose Areolar

• Loose arrangement of fibers

• A lot of ground substance

• Scattered Cells

• Located in every organ

Dense Areolar

• Densely packed, parallel fibers

• Not much open space

• Located in tendons and ligaments

Adipose Areolar

• Large empty looking cells

• Often pale

• Subcutaneous fat

Articulating Surfaces

The smooth, cartilage covered end of a bone within a joint where two bones meet to allow for movement

Non-Articulating Prominences

A bony projection or feature of the skeleton that serves as an attachment point for muscles and ligaments but does not form a joint with a another bone, unlike an articular surface

Depressions

An indentation or hollow area on a bone, like a fossa or a cavity

Openings

Natural holes or gaps within bones, or other dense connective tissue, that allow nerves, blood vessels, lymphatics, and other soft tissues to pass through from one body compartment to another

Hypertonic solution

• When water leaves the cell, more water outside than inside

• Crenated

Isotonic Solution

equal amounts of water on the inside and outside

Hypotonic solution

More water inside of the cell than outside, lysed

Condyle

A large rounded, articulating knob

Facet

A flattened or shallow articulating surface

Head

A prominent, rounded, articulating end of a bone

Crest

A narrow, ridgelike projection

Epicondyle

A projection above a condyle

Process

Any marked, body prominence

Spine

A sharp, slender process

trochanter

A massive process found only on the femur

Tubercle

A small rounded process

Tuberosity

A large roughened process

Alveolus

A deep pit or socket

Fissure

A narrow, slit-like opening

Foramen

A rounded opening through a bone

Fossa

A flattened or shallow surface

Fovea

A small pit or depression

Meatus

A tube-like passageway through a bone

Sinus

A cavity or hollow space in a bone

Sulcus

A groove that accommodates a vessel, nerve, or tendon

Nervous Tissue

Controls

Proximal

• Closer to the origin of the body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk

• The elbow is ____ to the wrist

Distal

• Farther from the origin of a body part or the point attachment of a limb to the body trunk

• The knee is ____ to the thigh