APWH 4.1-4.2 Quiz

The leaders in European overseas exploration in the 15th through 16th centuries were

the Portuguese and Spanish

Primogeniture laws motivated sea exploration in Europe. What were these laws?

The practice of passing down inheritance, titles, or property to the firstborn son only.

The Omani-European rivalry was between the Omani sultanate and _______ over control of the Spice trade in the Indian Ocean.

Portugal.

The newly designed small three masted ship that became central to European sea exploration was the

Caravel

Who was Henry the Navigator?

A Portuguese prince and explorer

The Sagres Institute

In Portugal is where Henry the Navigator did his research and training

_______ discoveries led to increased knowledge of tidal shifts and low tides exposing dangerous rocks.

Sir Isaac Newton's

The compass was originally invented by the

Chinese, then traveled West to Europe

The astrolabe was originally invented by the

Arabs

The new caravel exploration ship was originally invented by the

Portuguese, but utilized Indian Ocean Dhow technology

All of the following were causes for people joining European exploration ventures EXCEPT

population decline

How did the Portuguese gain control of the Indian Ocean and African Swahili Coast trade?

By building small trade forts on the coasts

Henry the Navigator gained a wealth of knowledge from maps produced by ______ cartographers.

Jewish

Cheaper to build with larger cargo space, smaller crews and weapons, the Dutch _____ ship proved extremely fast, efficient and profitable.

Fluyt

The three G's that motivated European ocean exploration were all of the following EXCEPT

Gemstone

Mercantilism is

An economic system that advocates for a country to export more than it imports in order to increase its wealth and power.

The very wealthy Italian city-states rejected Columbus' plan and did not participate in sea exploration because

They were content with their profits through their land based Islamic trade partners.

The first European explorer to round the tip of Africa into the Indian Ocean was

Bartolomeu Dias

The first European explorer to arrive in India was

Vasco de Gama

The first European explorer to sail across the Pacific Ocean to the Philippines

Ferdinand Magellan

The headquarters of Portuguese West African trade was the

Gold Coast

Matteo Ricci and Adam Schall were both

Jesuit missionaries sent to China

Trading post empires were

A form of early imperialism by europeans in Africa and the Indian Ocean

Portuguese problems controlling the Indian Ocean included

lacked ships and workers, Portuguese officials became corrupt, merchants operated independently of their government laws

By the mid 1500's, Manila in the Philippines became

the Spanish commercial center of Asia

In the Americas, the Spanish almost ended their explorations until

they made contact with the Aztecs and Incas

The Manila Galleons were

Spanish trading ships that connected the Americas and Asia

The Northwest Passage was

a sea route connecting the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans through the Arctic Ocean

Which two European nations most actively sought the Northwest Passage?

English and Dutch

Jacques Cartier and _______ were explorers that claimed the region of modern Canada for France.

Samuel de Champlain

The city of _____ became the center of French operations in North America

Quebec

Quebec

Which Europeans in the Americas tended to have smaller settlements, better relations with natives, and married into native populations?

French

The British became a major naval power in 1588 by

defeating the planned Spanish Armada's attack on England

Who was the first English explorer to claim land in the Americas?

John Cabot

The first Dutch explorer to claim land in the Americas was

Henry Hudson

The center of early Dutch operations in the Americas was New Amsterdam, located in what is now

New York