Review guide US History 2

What was installment buying?

A system that allowed consumers to purchase goods over time by making payments, helping fuel the consumer boom of the 1920s

What is Fordism and Sloanism?

Industrial systems emphasizing mass production (Fordism) and product variety/marketing (Sloanism), which transformed consumer culture

What is Man Nobody Knows (1925)

A book that portrayed Jesus as a strong businessman, reflecting the blending of religion with modern capitalist values

What is Passing of the Great Race (1916)?

A racist eugenics-based book promoting white superiority and influencing immigration restriction

What was the National Origins Act of 1924?

A law that restricted immigration, favoring Northern Europeans and limiting others

What was the second klan?

A revived KKK plan in the 1920s that promoted white supremacy, nativism, and traditional values

What was the Harlem Renaissance?

A cultural movement celebrating African American art, literature, and identity in the 1920s

What was the Scopes Trial (1925)

A famous trial over teaching evolution, symbolizing conflict between modern science and traditional religion

What was FERA (1933)

A Federal Emergency Relief Administration— provided direct aid to the unemployed

What was the CCC (1933)

Civilian Conservation Corps—gave young men jobs in environmental projects

What was the Glass-Steagall Banking Act (1933)?

A law that regulated banks and created FDIC insurance to prevent bank failures

What were the Wagner Act & Fair Labor Standards Act?

Laws protecting workers rights, unions, minimum wage, and working hours

What was the WPA (1935)

Works Progress Administration— created jobs through public works projects

What were the AAA/Soil Domestic Allotment Acts?

Programs to reduce farm production and raise crop prices

What was the Social Security Act?

A law that created pensions for the elderly and support for the unemployed

What was the American Liberty League?

A conservative group that opposed the New Deal

Who were Huey Long and Francis Townsend?

Critics of the New Deal who proposed alternative plans to help the poor and elderly

What was Munich/Appeasement (1938)

A policy where Britain and France allowed Hitler to expand to avoid war

What were the Neutrality Acts (1935-1937)

Laws meant to keep the US out of foreign wars

What happened at Pearl Harbor (1941)

Japan attacked the US leading to American entry into WWII

What was the Lend-Lease Program?

A program where the US sent supplies to Allied nations before entering the war

What were the Four Freedoms

FDR’s vision of freedoms: speech, worship, freedom from want and freedom from fear

WHat was the Greer incident

A naval clash between the US and Germany before official entry into WWII

What was Executive Order 9066?

The order that led to Japanese American internment during WWII

What were the main issues of the 1920s

Conflict between modern vs traditional values, immigration debates, racism, and rapid cultural/economic change

Suggested dates for the 1920s era?

1919-1929 (end of WWi to the Great depression)

Why is this period important?

It set up tensions (economic inequality, cultural division) that contributed to the Great Depression

What were the main problems of the Great Depression?

Massive unemployment, economic collapse, poverty, and lack of government support

What were the main problems of the Great Depression?

Massive unemployment, economic collapse, poverty, and lack of government support

Time period of the Great Depression

1929-1941 (stock market crash to US entry into WWII

What was the New Deal trying to solve?

Relief (help people), recovery (fix economy), reform (prevent future crises)

What were the main concerns during WWII?

Defeating fascism, protecting democracy, and managing global conflict

When did the US join WWII

1941-1945 (pearl harbor to end of war)

Why did the US join WWII

Direct Attack (pearl harbor) and broader concerns about global stability and democracy