france and French during WW2

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45 Terms

1
phoney war/ drôle de guerre
3 september 1939
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2
begging of the poney war
exchange of declaration of war 2 days after the invasion of Poland

defensive strategy: Maginot line invincible

no fights during 8 months
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3
consequence of the phoney war
inaction+winter= deserting

patriotic momentum faded
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4
exemple of patriotic momentum that existed during WW1 but not WW2
l’union sacré: national union about the necessity of solidarity amongst French
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5
French politicians who contributed to the inaction plan
Edward Daladier PM: march 1938 to February 1939: had to resign: inaction humiliated French

Paul Renaud: new PM: inactive as well
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6
end of phony war
10 may 1940
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7
German offensive in france
offensive through: Netherlands+Belgium+ardennes by illegal by pass of Maginot line and neutral country

use of blitzkrieg very efficient
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8
Germans entering Paris
14 June 1939
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9
nimber of French soldiers killed during German offensive beginning war
60 000 in 5 weeks + 2M prisoners
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10
consequence of German invasion on civilians
bombings + fights+chaos entailed

many moved: N-E to S-W: l’exode
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11
evacuation of allies troops
Br and part of FR croups evacuated fr from Belgium+ N of fr (port of Dunkerque)

destroyed French navy to prevent its use by germans
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12
capitulation of the French government
French assembly moved to bordeaux

after two weeks of debate: asked for negotiations and cease fire

Paul Renaud who wanted to fight on replace by Pétain
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13
Pétain
WW1 hero

popular in France+ expert in defensive strategy

respected in Germany as war hero+ old so no political carrer: neutral
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14
21 june 1940
armistice signed in Rethondes in the same train as after WW1
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15
1 July 1940
petain + gov: settled in vichy, free part of French territory
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16
advantage vichy
balenar city: hotel turned into ministers
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17
10 July 1940
parlement voted delegation full powers to Pétain

3 republic suspended: beginning of “l’état français”
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18
October 1940
montoir’s meeting: petain met hitler for a few minutes

beginning of collaboration: petain expected france to become 1st ally of germany
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19
cooperation
active help of germany in their '“fight for europe”
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20
revolution nationale
reactionary program inspired by nazi regime
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21
new French moto
famille: women back home

travail: anti-socialist

patrie: nationalist
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22
retains defeat theory
defeat= consequence of democracy: leads to individualism: discipline decline
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23
way to restore French grandeur according to petain
revive the traditional values and order through a reactionary regime that went back in time, reviewing the emancipation of women
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24
catholic churchu reaction to pertains regime
priests and bishops opposed
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25
ways to control French society and support military germany
\-milice

\-special battalions: legion tricolore/ legion anti-bolsheviks

\-work for germany

\-sto
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26
milice
équivalent of the gestapo in the free part of france, arrest and execute opponents
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27
working for germany
germany offered to free prisoners in exchange of workers: 1w=1P, 2=1 until 4=1
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28
STO
P.laval 1942: service de travail obligatoire
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29
4 October 1942
beginning French antisemitism inspired by nuremberg laws: statut des juifs: excluded them from important public jobs
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30
7 june 1942
mendatory wearing yellow star for children above 3y/o
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31
16 and 17 July 1942
30k jews arrested in Paris in velodrome d’hiver: most of them deported to auschwitz
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32
8 june 1940
de gaulle: unknown in the military: first speech in London: encouraged French to join him and keep fighting

insisted on: global dimension war, imperial dimension of france, alliance French and British

none listening but still symbol of resistance
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33
may 1940
FFL: force française libre, direct resisters to join British forces and french colonial troops: important support in victory of El Alamein Libya
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34
political resisters
communists (++ Barbarossa operation), right wind (patriots, nationalists), democrats and republicans
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35
religious resisters
jews, some catholics (nazi values incompatible with faith)
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36
resisters because of personal reasons
gay, civil servants, young men selected for sto
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37
2 significant waves that increased number of resisters along the war
41: Barbarossa

42: STO
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38
resisters statu
clandestin: chased and arrested

many had to disappear: “les maquisards”/ “le maquis”
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39
1942 résistance
de gaulle recognized by British as “head go government in exile”
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40
army created by degaule with support of Britain
FFL + FFI (inner resistance)
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41
jean moulin
former préfet, went back to France to meet resisters and coordinate their actions; helped creation CNR, arrested and died in train for Auschwitz
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42
CNR
1943: conseil national de la resistance: liberation of france, what government after work, organization of the inner resistance: key role allies landing and liberation Paris
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43
August 1944
resistance organized walks, ceremonies, speeches to celebrate return of French Republic embodied by degaulle
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44
content of degaulle’s discourse about France
made it ever united, ever fighting, and great winner
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45
CPRF
gouvernement provisoire de la république française, CNR after the war until dissolve in January 1946

focused on: continuing the fight against gr, restoring republican order in france
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