Endocrine system test

hypothalamus

hypothalamus

which of the endocrine organs can effectively control the pituitary gland

hormones

chemical messengers released directly into the bloodstream, with the ability to affect cells for hours or days are called

set point

a standard level, known as what is necessary to maintain the body's homeostasis

cortisol

one way in which the body will cope with increased stress is to increase the secretion of

antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

which hormone is responsible for decreased urination

pituitary

what is divided into a posterior and anterior segment

pituitary

a stature disorder in which the body produces either too much or too little growth hormone is a disorder of which endocrine gland?

thyroid

T3 and T4, hormones necessary for cell metabolism, are produced in what gland

pancreas

what gland is important in regulating blood glucose

adrenal

which gland is located above each kidney

diabetes mellitus

what is the name of the condition in which the body is not producing adequate amounts of insulin

gain, loss

Cushing's disease causes weight __________ and Graves' causes weight _________

saliva

the release of norepinephrine and epinephrine into the bloodstream increases all of these except

oxytocin

A woman is in labor but the uterine contractions stop. This could be caused by insufficient what

Treatment of diabetes mellitus

a calculated diet and exercise, insulin administration if needed, blood and urine testing

gigantism

Hypersecretion of GH that causes overgrowth of the hands and feet, abnormal thickening of the bones of the face and excessive overgrowth of soft tissue, occurring in ADULTS is called

pituitary gland

the master gland of the endocrine system is

Cushing's syndrome

the syndrome caused by over secretion of the adrenal cortex resulting in excessive cortisol is called

dwarfism

hyposecretion of GH

oxytocin

it causes the contractions of the uterus during labor, it is one of the few hormone that is regulated by positive feedback, it stimulates "milk letdown" in nursing mothers

adrenal medulla

it responds to stimuli from the sympathetic nervous system, it helps produce the "fight or flight" response, it releases epinephrine

thymus

it is an endocrine gland, it produces thymosin, it is important in the body's immune system

pineal gland

it is located in the brain, it produces melatonin, it helps regulate the body's biological clock

hypoglycemia

all of the following are symptoms of cushing's syndrome except

Hashimoto's disease

fatigue, feeling cold, dry skin, brittle nails are all symptoms of which disease

nervousness

early symptoms of hypoglycemia

dwarfism

in children, failure to attain normal height is a symptom of what

endocrine glands

secrete messengers directly into the blood stream

thyroid hormones

the addition of iodine to table salt helps make sure people get enough dietary iodine produce what

true

melatonin is released by the pineal gland

true

ovaries secrete estrogen

false

glucagon lowers blood sugar

true

cortisol is secreted by the adrenal gland

true

prolactin stimulates milk production

true

restlessness is a sign of hyperthyroidism

false

hypoglycemia is high blood sugar

false

glucagon takes glucose from the bloodstream

true

hyperglycemia can cause kidney damage over time

false

the hormone melatonin levels rise during the day

true

the endocrine system is much slower than the nervous system

true

calcitonin is produced in the thyroid

true

the parathyroid glands are found in the neck

true

cushing's syndrome and addison's disease have opposite pathophysiology

false

type 2 diabetes is an autoimmune disease

false

type 1 diabetes does not cause hyperglycemia

false

many endocrine disorders caused by under secretion can be treated with hormone replacement therapy

false

the positive feedback mechanism of hormone regulation is the most common form of feedback in the endocrine system

GH

controls growth of the body

ACTH

stimulates adrenal gland to secrete hormones due to stress

TSH

stimulates thyroid to secrete T3/T4

LH

stimulates estrogen/progesterone in ovaries and testosterone in testes

oxytocin

stimulates uterine contractions

ADH

causes kidneys to retain water

PRL

causes milk production in the breasts

epinephrine

causes blood vessels to constrict

thymus

helps fight infection, produces T cells

thyroid

impacts all cell metabolism, produces calcitonin

parathyroid

increases blood levels of calcium

pancreas

production and release of insulin

pituitary

sends chemical messengers to glands to maintain homeostasis

pineal

produces melatonin

3 tabs

Dr. Andy Crin orders the corticosteroid dexamethasone at a dose of 1.5 mg for an asthmatic patient. The tablets are each labeled 0.5 mg. How many should the patient receive in a dose?

50 mL

Dr. Lois Sugar orders 25 g of dextrose 50% IV for a hypoglycemia patient. A premixed syringe with a concentration of 25g/50ml is available. How many ml should be administered?

false

GNRH instructs the pituitary to stop releasing growth hormone

true

TRH stimulates the pituitary to release thyroid stimulating hormones

false

insulin is released from the pancreas and tells the liver to convert glycogen to glucose

cushing's disease

caused by too much cortisol

hashimoto's disease

caused by too little thyroid hormone

addison's disease

caused by too little cortisol

graves's disease

caused by too much thyroid hormone

true

patients with type 1 or type 2 can both experience hyperglycemia

ADH

which of the following is not secreted by the anterior pituitary

increased urination

signs of hyperglycemia include which of the following