CHAPTER ONE: Intro to Criminal Justice (Sixteenth Edition)

The contemporary criminal justice society uses social _______ to regulate dangerous elements within society.

control

The _________ perspective sees the justice system as a mechanism of caring for and treating people who cannot manage themselves.​

​ rehabilitation

Before the trial begins, the defendant will be brought before the court that will hear the case, during a proceeding called:

an arraignment

The criminal justice process may be compared to a:​

funnel

The ________ perspective would advocate diversion programs or mediation programs for juvenile offenders.

rehabilitation

The grand jury will issue a __________, which specifies the exact charges on which the accused must stand trial.

true bill of indictment

The _______ oversees criminal justice practices and has the power to determine whether existing operations fall within the bounds of the U.S. Constitution.

judiciary

Which of the following is not an aspect of Herbert Packer's assembly line criminal justice process?

most people who commit a crime are punished for it

Advocates of the ________ perspective would advocate for the decriminalization of marijuana.

nonintervention

The ___________, created in 1919, was a professional association funded by private contributions and was integral in getting agencies of justice to work together.​

Chicago Crime Commission

The three main components into which the contemporary criminal justice system is generally divided a​ re:

law enforcement, the judiciary, and the correctional system

Who is not a part of the courtroom work group?​

bail bondsman

Emphasis on individual rights and constitutional safeguards reflects the ________ perspective.

due process

The _______ is a group of citizens chosen to hear charges against persons accused of crime.

grand jury

The ________ branch of government is responsible for the day-to-day operation of justice agencies.

executive

The _______ perspective views crime as a community-level problem.

restorative

The ________ branch of government interprets existing laws and determines whether they meet constitutional requirements.

judicial

The _________ defines the law (by determining the conduct that is prohibited) and establishes criminal penalties for those who violate the law.

legislature

_________ would be placed in Layer I of the criminal justice "wedding cake".​

the arrest of a noted celebrity

Which statement best reflects the reason that ethical standards are important in criminal justice?

Agents of the criminal justice system have access to citizens' most personal information, raising concerns of privacy and confidentiality.

Which perspective argues that the true purpose of the criminal justice system is to promote a peaceful and just society?​

restorative justice

The mayor had expressed his frustration with the criminals who were committing these crimes, believing that society must be protected from them through harsh punishment. The mayor was promoting the ______ perspective of criminal justice.

crime control

The _________ perspective demands an efficient system that hands out tough sanctions to those who violate the law.

crime control

Truth-in-sentencing laws are an aspect of which justice system perspective?​

equal justice

A​ local police department noticed an increase in the number of home burglaries being committed. The department formed a task force to assess the extent of the problem. Officers from the detective bureau, the vice squad, and the crime analysis division met to discuss the problem and to begin investigating these crimes. After investigating the crimes for over a month, the task force was able to arrest eight suspects. The ______ was the official responsible for formally charging the suspects with a specific criminal act.

prosecutor

Which of the following is false about the grand jury?

Every state uses the grand jury system.

________ is a money bond levied to ensure the return of a criminal defendant for trial.

bail

The defendant would enter a plea of guilty or not guilty at the _______ stage of the formal criminal justice process.

arraignment

Which member of the courtroom work group experiences the ethical concern of having obligations to a client and a profession?​

defense attorney

Which is considered the primary ethical concern of prosecutors?​

balancing the dual role as a representative of the people and as an officer of the court

The system of law enforcement, adjudication, and correction that is directly involved in the apprehension, prosecution, and control of those charged with criminal offenses is called:

the criminal justice system

According to the criminal justice assembly line model, _______ are moved down the conveyor belt.

cases

The __________ is society's instrument of social control.

criminal justice system

The ___________ sponsored research in the 1950s showing that the criminal justice system was composed of an intricate network of agencies.​

American Bar Foundation Project

Which of the following conditions does not have to exist for an arrest to be considered legal?

The suspect openly disputes the officer's interpretation

The success of the ________ in 1829 prompted similar police agencies to appear in the United States.

London Metropolitan Police

The decision by a prosecutor to drop a case after a complaint has been made because of lack of evidence is called:

nolle prosequi

Concern over the potentially stigmatizing effect of community notification laws on sexual offenders would be a part of the ________ perspective.

nonintervention

The _________ component of the criminal justice system has the largest budgets.

law enforcement

When police want to interrogate a suspect, an officer must first advise the suspect of his or her __________ rights.​

Miranda

The criminal justice system is costing federal, state, and local governments about __________ per year to operate.

$200 billion

Which statement is accurate concerning crime in a historical context in the United States?​

Crime and violence have been common since the nation was first formed and are not recent social problems.