Sodium Chloride 0.9%

Isotonic crystalloid solution

A sterile, isotonic solution containing 9 g of sodium chloride per litre of water.

Pharmacology summary

It restores extracellular fluid volume by expanding the intravascular space and replacing sodium and chloride losses.

Metabolism summary

Sodium and chloride ions are not metabolised. They distribute throughout the extracellular fluid and are excreted primarily by the kidneys.

Indications

inadequate tissue perfusion/shock, hypovolaemia, significant burns, dilute drugs, flush

Contraindications

Nil

Precautions

pt with acute/Hx of heart failure, pre-existing renal failure, uncontrolled hemorrhage.

Presentation ampoule

10mL sodium chloride 0.9%

Presentation viaflex plastic container

100 mL sodium chloride 0.9%

Presentation viaflex plastic container larger

500 mL sodium chloride 0.9%

Presentation BD PosiFlush

10 mL pre-filled sodium chloride 0.9% syringe

Routes of administration

IV/IO/INF BOTH

Onset, duration, and half-life

Immediate, variable, N/A

Schedule

Unscheduled (pharmacy/medical supply only).

Side effects

excessive administration will result in fluid overload

Adult dosages fluid replacement

250-500 mL IV bolus, reassessing after ach bolus until perfusion improves.