Axial skeleton in domestic dogs

skull

• principle bone of the head

• articulates ventrally with the mandible

Facial region

• forms body compartment of face

Neural

• encolsed and braincase protect the brain

Palatal

bony framework of palate

Temporal

Parietal

Frontal

Exoccipital

Paired cranial bones

Supraoccipital

Basioccipital

Basisphenoid

Preshenoid

Ethmoid

Interparietal

Unpaired cranial bones

Incisive

nasal

maxilla

Dorsal ethmo-turbinates

Ventral Maxilla-turbinated

paired facial bones

Vomer

Unpaired facial bones

Stapes

incus

malleus

three bones of middle ear

Stylohyoid

Epihyoid

Ceratohyoid

Thyrohyoid

Paired bones of the Hyoid Apparatus

Cervical

Thoracic

Lumbar

Sacral

Caudal

FIre regions of the Vertebral column

Ribs

• lateral wall of thorax

• bounded dorsally to thoracic/thoracic cavity

Sternal

distal extremity articulates with sternum

Asternal

• doesn’t articulate but with each other

• forming “costal arch”

Sternum

the ventral wall/floor of the ribs