Skills in Sports: Classification and Learning

Flashcards covering key vocabulary and concepts related to skills in sports, including classifications, types, learning stages, and teaching styles.

Motor Skills

Emphasize movement without thinking, such as sprinting and weight lifting.

Cognitive Skills

Associated with critical thinking and decision making, examples include soccer and chess.

Perceptual Skills

Focus on the ability to sense and interpret the environment, as seen in golf and rock climbing.

Perceptual-Motor Skills

Combine thought and movement, exemplified by soccer and basketball.

Discrete Skills

Skills with a clear start and finish; examples include a golf swing and shooting a basketball.

Serial Skills

Linking various skills to form a more complex skill; examples include the triple jump.

Continuous Skills

End of a cycle of movement starts a new cycle; examples include swimming and cycling.

Open Skills

Skills where the environment is unpredictable, requiring adaptability, like in team sports.

Closed Skills

Skills performed in a stable, predictable environment, such as javelin throwing.

Gross Motor Skills

Involve large muscle groups and significant muscle effort, like running and jumping.

Fine Motor Skills

Involve smaller muscle groups and precise movements, like catching a ball or darts.

Individual Skills

Performed in isolation with a single actor, like high jump and archery.

Coactive Skills

Performed with others but without direct confrontation, such as swimming events.

Interactive Skills

Involve active opposition that influences performance, as in football or soccer.

Ability

A general trait that relates to the performance potential of various skills.

Feedback

Information regarding performance that can be intrinsic or extrinsic.

Positive Feedback

Highlighting what went well during a performance.

Negative Feedback

Focusing on errors in performance to encourage improvement.

Cognitive Stage of Learning

The initial stage where learners focus on understanding instructions.

Associative Stage of Learning

The intermediate stage where practice develops consistent movements.

Autonomous Stage of Learning

The final stage where performance becomes consistent with minimal cognitive input.

Positive Transfer

Practice of one skill leads to improvement in another task.

Negative Transfer

Practice of one skill conflicts with another task.

Distributed Practice

Practice interspersed with rest or different activities.

Massed Practice

Continuous practice without rest intervals between attempts.

Whole-Part-Whole Presentation

Introduce the entire movement, then focus on weaknesses before reintegration.

Progressive Part Presentation

Develop phases of a skill independently before linking them into a whole action.