APUSH Unit 7 Period 7 Vocab

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A.P. United States History Period 7 Unit 7 vocab vocabulary. See PDF for full definitions & CAMPSITE themes

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72 Terms

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Theodore Roosevelt
The 26th U.S. president (1901–1909) who pursued progressive reforms and was a leading conservationist.
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Bull Moose Party
Formed by Theodore Roosevelt in 1912, advocating for progressive reforms and splitting the Republican vote.
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New Nationalism
The progressive platform of Theodore Roosevelt in the 1912 election, focusing on strong federal regulation.
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Hepburn Act
A 1906 act that strengthened the Interstate Commerce Commission, allowing it to set maximum railroad rates.
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Pure Food and Drug Act
A 1906 law that banned contaminated food and required truthful labeling.
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Meat Inspection Act
A 1906 act establishing sanitary standards and federal inspections for meatpacking facilities.
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Upton Sinclair
A muckraker whose novel 'The Jungle' exposed unsanitary conditions in the meatpacking industry.
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Northern Securities Case
A landmark 1902 case where Roosevelt used the Sherman Antitrust Act to break up a railroad monopoly.
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Payne-Aldrich Tariff
A 1909 tariff that aimed to lower tariffs but kept rates high, causing rifts in the Republican Party.
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William Howard Taft
The 27th president (1909–1913) known for supporting antitrust reforms and facing criticism from progressives.
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Woodrow Wilson
The 28th U.S. president (1913–1921), known for his progressive 'New Freedom' domestic agenda.
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New Freedom
Woodrow Wilson's domestic policy platform focusing on breaking up monopolies and restoring competition.
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Clayton Antitrust Act
A 1914 law to strengthen the Sherman Antitrust Act by outlawing certain anti-competitive practices.
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Federal Reserve Act
A 1913 act to create a central bank to regulate money supply and stabilize the economy.
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Federal Trade Commission
A 1914 agency created to prevent unfair business practices and promote competition.
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Pinchot-Ballinger Scandal
A controversy during Taft’s presidency involving accusations about conservation and public land management.
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Niagara Movement
Founded in 1905, it called for immediate civil rights and an end to racial discrimination.
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N.A.A.C.P.
The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, founded in 1909 to advocate for civil rights.
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Anti-Imperialist League
Founded in 1898 to oppose U.S. annexation of the Philippines post-Spanish-American War.
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Spanish-American War
A 1898 conflict resulting in U.S. control of Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines.
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Yellow Journalism
Sensationalized news stories that influenced public opinion, particularly during the Spanish-American War.
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'Big Stick' Policy
The foreign policy of Teddy Roosevelt emphasizing diplomacy backed by military threats.
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Dollar Diplomacy
Taft's policy encouraging U.S. investment in Latin America to promote stability and American interests.
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Moral Diplomacy
Wilson’s foreign policy promoting democracy and moral principles in international relations.
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Teller Amendment
A 1898 declaration that the U.S. would not annex Cuba post-Spanish-American War.
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Platt Amendment
A 1901 amendment limiting Cuba’s sovereignty; allowed U.S. intervention and established a naval base.
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Sussex Pledge
A 1916 promise by Germany to limit unrestricted submarine warfare following the Lusitania sinking.
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Zimmerman Note
A secret 1917 telegram from Germany proposing an alliance with Mexico against the U.S.
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Espionage Act
A 1917 law restricting free speech by criminalizing criticism of the government during WWI.
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Schenck v. U.S.
A 1919 Supreme Court case that upheld the Espionage Act, limiting free speech during wartime.
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14 Points
Woodrow Wilson’s outline for post-WWI peace emphasizing self-determination and collective security.
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League of Nations
An international organization proposed by Wilson to resolve conflicts without war.
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Versailles Treaty
The 1919 treaty formally ending WWI, imposing reparations on Germany and including the League of Nations.
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Square Deal
The domestic policy of Roosevelt aimed at balancing the interests of business, labor, and consumers.
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'Return to Normalcy'
Harding's slogan emphasizing a return to pre-WWI policies and focus on domestic issues.
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Red Scare
A period of fear of communism and radicalism following the Russian Revolution.
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Warren G. Harding
The 29th president known for pro-business policies and scandals during his administration.
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Calvin Coolidge
The 30th president known for his laissez-faire policies and economic prosperity during the 1920s.
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Scopes 'Monkey Trial'
A 1925 trial about teaching evolution in schools, highlighting cultural tensions in the 1920s.
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National Origins Act
Acts establishing immigration quotas based on nationality and emphasizing nativist attitudes.
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Lost Generation
A group of disillusioned American writers in the 1920s critical of materialism after WWI.
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Harlem Renaissance
A cultural movement celebrating African American identity and arts in the 1920s.
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Bonus Army
WWI veterans who protested in Washington D.C. in 1932 for early bonus payments.
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Prohibition
A ban on alcoholic beverages established by the 18th Amendment (1920) and repealed by the 21st Amendment.
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Flappers
Young women in the 1920s challenging traditional gender roles with new fashions and behaviors.
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Sacco and Vanzetti
Italian immigrants whose trial symbolized nativism and injustice in the 1920s.
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Teapot Dome Scandal
A political scandal involving the secret leasing of federal oil reserves during Harding's presidency.
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Dawes Plan
A 1924 plan to restructure German reparations after WWI, easing its economic burden.
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Kellogg-Briand Pact
A 1928 agreement renouncing war as a tool for resolving conflicts, lacking enforcement mechanisms.
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Stock Market Crash
The 1929 crash marking the beginning of the Great Depression, causing massive economic decline.
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Glass-Steagall Act
A 1933 law separating commercial and investment banking to reduce financial risk.
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Hawley-Smoot Tariff
A 1930 tariff raising U.S. import duties, criticized for worsening the Great Depression.
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1st Hundred Days
Refers to FDR's early presidency in 1933 focused on implementing key New Deal programs.
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Court-Packing Scheme
FDR's unsuccessful 1937 proposal to add justices to the Supreme Court in support of New Deal legislation.
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'Brain Trust'
FDR's group of advisors who helped develop innovative New Deal policies.
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Keynesian Economics
An economic theory advocating for government intervention during economic downturns.
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Herbert Hoover
The 31st president whose administration was defined by the onset of the Great Depression.
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Franklin Delano Roosevelt
The 32nd president known for leading the U.S. through the Great Depression and WWII.
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Stimson Doctrine
A 1932 policy stating the U.S. would not recognize territorial acquisitions made by force.
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Good Neighbor Policy
FDR’s approach to improving relations with Latin America through non-intervention.
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Lend-Lease Act
A 1941 program allowing the U.S. to supply Allies with military equipment during WWII.
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Nye Committee
A Senate committee investigating financial interests behind U.S. WWI involvement.
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Neutrality Acts
Laws aimed at keeping the U.S. out of foreign conflicts by prohibiting arms sales to warring nations.
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Atlantic Charter
A 1941 declaration outlining Allied goals for the postwar world, including self-determination.
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Pearl Harbor
A Japanese attack on the U.S. naval base on December 7, 1941, leading to U.S. entry into WWII.
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Appeasement
A policy of making concessions to aggressive powers to avoid conflict, criticized post-WWII.
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Conferences
Key Allied meetings during WWII to strategize and plan for the postwar world.
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Atomic Bombs
Bombs dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki to force Japan’s surrender in WWII.
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Executive Order 9066
FDR's 1942 order authorizing the internment of Japanese Americans during WWII.
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Korematsu v. United States
A 1944 Supreme Court case upholding the constitutionality of Japanese internment camps.
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Bond Drives
World War II campaigns encouraging citizens to buy war bonds, financing military efforts.
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'Rosie the Riveter'
A cultural icon symbolizing women's contributions to the workforce during WWII.