Social Theory: Key Terms (Structural Functionalism, Social Conflict, Symbolic Interactionism)

Vocabulary flashcards covering key terms and definitions from the lecture notes on the three sociological paradigms.

Structural Functionalism

A macro-oriented theory that views society as a complex system whose parts work together to promote solidarity and stability; focuses on social structure, social functions, and social dysfunctions to explain how society is held together.

Social Structure

any relatively stable affecting social behavior

Social Functions

roles in society, consequences of any social pattern for the operation of society as a whole.

Social Dysfunctions

Patterns that disrupt the operation of society.

Social Conflict

A macro-oriented theory that sees society as an arena of inequality producing conflict and change, focusing on how social location relates to unequal distribution of money, power, and prestige, and on the conflict between dominant and disadvantaged groups. Rejects the idea that social structure promotes society operation as a whole, only focuses on some people while hurting others

• Ex. men in relation to women

• Purpose: explore ways that social changes happen as a result of inequality. 

• Addressing inequalities–looking for what must be changed and how these are to be done.

Social Location

The social context or position of individuals within society.

Ex: class, race, gender, and culture, shaping their experiences and perspectives.

Symbolic Interactionism

A micro-oriented theory that views society as a product of everyday interactions; humans attach meaning to symbols and communicate, constructing reality through shared meanings and experiences.

Ex: Sports

• trophies

• winning has different meanings for each athlete

• narrative and stakes for each athlete

Sociological Imagination

the mindset wherein we are able to view our personal experiences and problems as related to social issues

Ex: Ure running late for school which is a personal experience/problem for you. Zooming out, you realize na what’s causing this problem could be that there is heavy traffic in Metro Manila, and Quezon City in particular. Or like we collectively agreed that work/school days start at 8 or 9 in the morning.