islam section 4: peace and conflict

Peace and Conflict

Revolutionary War and Unrevolutionary Peace: 1754-1800

need to really master Units 7–9 for AP World. I’m going to go section-by-section and, for each major topic, give you: * Causes * Key developments * Effects * Continuities & Changes ( CCOT) This is essentially how AP graders want you to think. ⸻ 🌍 UNIT 7: GLOBAL CONFLICT (1900–1945) ⸻ ⚔️ World War I Causes * Long-term: * Militarism (arms race, war glorification) * Alliance system → chain reaction * Imperial rivalries (especially in Africa) * Nationalism (esp. Balkans) * Immediate: * Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand ⸻ Key Developments * Trench warfare → stalemate * Total war → governments control industry, food, labor * New weapons: gas, machine guns, tanks ⸻ Effects * Collapse of empires (Ottoman, Russian, Austro-Hungarian, German) * Treaty of Treaty of Versailles * Harsh penalties on Germany * Redrawing of borders (Middle East instability begins) * League of Nations (fails later) ⸻ Continuities & Changes Continuities * European dominance still strong (but weakening) * Nationalism continues to drive conflict Changes * Warfare becomes industrialized & more deadly * Civilians become direct targets (total war) * U.S. emerges as global power ⸻ Causation Chain WWI → harsh peace → economic instability → rise of extremism → WWII ⸻ 🔴 Russian Revolution Causes * Inequality under Nicholas II * Military failures in WWI * Food shortages ⸻ Key Developments * Bolsheviks led by Vladimir Lenin seize power * Civil war → Red Army wins * Formation of USSR ⸻ Effects * Spread of communism globally * Fear of communism in capitalist countries * One-party authoritarian state ⸻ Continuities & Changes Continuities * Authoritarian rule (tsar → communist dictatorship) Changes * Shift from monarchy → communism * State-controlled economy replaces capitalism ⸻ 📉 Great Depression Causes * Stock market crash (1929) * Overproduction * Global economic interdependence ⸻ Effects * Massive unemployment worldwide * Collapse of global trade * Rise of extremist leaders ⸻ Continuities & Changes Continuities * Global economic inequality persists Changes * Governments take bigger role in economies (welfare, regulation) ⸻ Causation Depression → desperation → rise of dictators ⸻ 🧨 Rise of Authoritarianism Key Leaders * Adolf Hitler * Benito Mussolini * Joseph Stalin ⸻ Causes * Economic instability * Weak democracies * National humiliation (Germany esp.) ⸻ Key Features * Propaganda * Militarism * Suppression of dissent * Expansionism ⸻ Effects * Human rights abuses * Aggressive foreign policy → WWII ⸻ Continuities & Changes Continuities * Authoritarian rule still common globally Changes * Use of mass propaganda and modern tech to control people ⸻ 🌎 World War II Causes * Treaty of Versailles resentment * Expansion (Germany, Japan, Italy) * Appeasement failure ⸻ Key Developments * Blitzkrieg warfare * Holocaust * Atomic bombs ⸻ Effects * ~70 million deaths * Creation of United Nations * U.S. & USSR become superpowers ⸻ Continuities & Changes Continuities * War still central to global politics Changes * Nuclear weapons introduced * Decolonization begins * Europe declines in power ⸻ ⸻ ❄️ UNIT 8: COLD WAR & DECOLONIZATION ⸻ 🧊 Cold War Causes * Ideological conflict: * Capitalism (U.S

Intro to Peace Studies Midterm 3

Peace and War vocabulary

World War I and the Pursuit of Peace - Gabriel Estopinan

Peaceful

Peace and Conflict

PEAC 104 Key Terms

Knowledge Organiser: Ethics of War and Peace, Crime and Punishment, Good and Evil, Life and Death

Peak

NATO is more powerful and effective than the UN in addressing conflict and maintaining peace

Sun Peaks

Education/ Political Parties/ Monarchy v Republic/ Hooliganism + Riots/ Challenges to Peace

last minute religion, peace + conflict revision

The Postwar Peace Settlement and the Russian Revolution

PEAT 4

PEAT 3 (Questions 101 - 200)

PEAT 3 (Questions 1 - 100)