War & Peace & Security

W4

war

a period of sustained, coordinated violence involving states, non state actors and / or groups within state

civil war

a conflict between parities + citizens within the same state, nation, or community

realism

theory that we live in an archaic global system (one without rules or an authority above the level of the state) and that international relations are driven by a struggle for power or influence among self interested states

liberalism

theory that intentional cooperation is possible and desirable, that war is not inevitable and that international organizations and international law are important in understanding and driving international relationships

peace

condition in which different parties are able to disagree without resorting to violence

negative peace

defined by absence of violence, as opposed to the efforts to maintain a sustained peace found in the case of positive peace

neutrality

a policy based on avoiding wars and on not taking sides in conflicts avoiding other states

positive peace

a peace accustomed by positive efforts to avoid conflicts throughout the building of systems and net works promoting the constructive resolution of disagreements, ensuring equal opportunity for all

structural violence

the maintenance of processes and conditions that trap people through discrimination

perpetual peace

peace that is permanent and sustainable, made possible by absense in actions that can cause war

nonintervention

a policy based on avoiding all wars (except self defense wars), alliances and keeping out of the internal affairs of other states

democratic peace theory

democracies rarely or never go to war with one another

security

condition in which the people values and resources are protected from threats (physical, psychological, political, economic or environmental)

human security

adresses concerns w human life and dignity; not concerned with state or national interests

diplomacy

art and practice of managing relations between states through negotiations and compromise

hard power

exertion of influence through threats and coercion

soft power

exertion of influence through encouragement and incentives

peacekeeping

keep peace through insertion of impartial and external military/police into troubles regions following peace accord/ ceasefire

collective security

idea that all states in security alliance agree that the security of one is the concern of all

terrorism

threatened or actual use of violence against property of civilian target so as to generate fear with the goal of achieving political or social chanfge

state terrorism

government tries to spread fear in citizens and opposition

state sponsored terrorism

government supports terrorist groups in other countries