RVHS Anatomy and Physiology
Fall Final Review Topics
Unit 1 Introduction/Biological Review
Compare and contrast anatomy vs. physiology
How does the body maintain homeostasis?
Difference between positive and negative feedback in the body and examples of each
Levels of organization from smallest to largest
What is the proper anatomical position?
Distinguish between frontal vs. transverse vs. sagittal sections
Be familiar with basic anatomical positions such as anterior and posterior, superior and inferior, ventral vs. dorsal
Purpose of sodium-potassium pump and its role in maintaining resting membrane potential
Unit 2 Nervous System
Function of Nervous system
Compare and contrast CNS vs PNS
Sequence of nerve impulse through neuron
Graded potentials vs. action potentials
General steps in transmission of a nerve impulse (action potential)
Function of neurotransmitters in conduction of a nerve impulse
General functions of cerebrum, cerebellum, and brainstem
Unit 3 Skeletal System
Function of Skeletal system
Major components of bone and how they contribute to characteristics of bone
How many bones are in the human body?
Axial vs. appendicular skeleton
Review gross anatomy of a long bone
Compare and contrast major joint types in the body
Distinguish between compound and simple fractures
How are bones formed in the body?
What is the interaction between osteoclasts and osteoblasts in bone remodeling?
Unit 4 Muscular System
Function of Muscular System
How many muscles are in the human body?
What are the main types of muscle tissue and where are they found?
Compare and contrast ligaments and tendons
What are the steps necessary for muscle contraction? Functional unit of a muscle cell?
What contributes to muscle fatigue?
How do muscle cells get the energy they need to contract? (3 possible pathways)
Unit 5 Digestive and Cardiovascular Systems
Function of Digestive system
Mechanical vs. Chemical digestion
Be familiar with the organs in the alimentary canal (GI tract) and the accessory organs--both with the location and function
Refer to digestive diagram from study guide
Function of Cardiovascular system
Label internal and external parts of the heart
Trace the flow of blood through the heart
Function of valves in heart and veins
Contrast pulmonary vs. systemic circuit
Know the coverings of the heart and layers of the heart
How does the heart conduct electrical impulses
What does an EKG show? Label a typical EKG with P, QRS, and T waves and what each corresponds to in cardiac cycle
In general what happens during a myocardial infarction?
Updated 103d ago