Graded Potentials

graded potentials

changes in membrane potential

depolarization

becoming less negative

depolarization

returning to negative state

hyperpolarization

becoming more negative

small, short

graded potentials are _____, ______ lasting changes in membrane potential

action potential

a single graded potential is NOT enough to cause an _____ _________.

ion channels

graded potentials happen because ____ _______ open and close.

stimulus strength

graded potentials vary according to….

more, action potential

bigger stimulus= _______ doors opening and closing and can lead to ________ ___________.

IPSP

when a membrane potential becomes MORE negative

EPSP

When membrane potential becomes LESS negative

Na+ CA+2

____ and ______ are ions that cause depolarization (EPSP) by moving down their concentration gradient

temporal summation

SINGLE neuron sends the SAME signal repeatedly overtime.

temporal and spatial summation

can result in DEPOLARIZING or HYPERPOLARIZING graded potential

special summation

MULTIPLE neurons send a signal at the SAME time.

can

you _____ have special and temporal summation

repeatedly

when you have both temporal and special summation, MULT neurons ________ send signals to another neuron

excitatory, inhibitory

a single neeurotransmitter be be ______ at one neuron, but _______ at another.

ion channels

neurotransmitters open different _____ _________ in different locations.