Graded Potentials

Oxygen (O-2) efflux would result in what type of graded potential

EPSP

Lead (Pb+2) efflux would result in what type of graded potential

IPSP

You have three neurons- A, B, and C. Neurons B and C send a signal to Neuron A.

spatial summation

You have three neurons- A, B, and C. Neurons C send a signal to Neuron B.

no summation

It takes many graded potentials to go from resting potential to threshold.

True

What is depolarization?

membrane potential becomes less negative

What causes hyperpolarization?

membrane potential becomes more negative

What is an EPSP?

excitatory postsynaptic potential

What type of summation occurs with repeated signals over time?

temporal summation

What type of summation occurs with signals from multiple neurons?

spatial summation

What is the role of graded potentials?

small changes that can lead to an action potential

What ions cause depolarization by entering the cell?

Sodium (Na+)

What is an IPSP?

inhibitory postsynaptic potential

How can a neurotransmitter be excitatory at one synapse but inhibitory at another?

opens different ion channels

What combines electrical and chemical gradients?

electrochemical gradient

_ summation is when one neuron separately sends a signal to another cell.

Temporal

You have 3 neurons- A, B, and C. Neurons A and B repeatedly send signals to neuron C. This is an example of _.

temporal and spatial summation