Bone Health and Conditions

This set of flashcards covers key terms and concepts related to bone health, infections, and inflammatory conditions.

What are the two organs that assist in bone health along with the bones?

Parathyroid and thyroid.

What role do kidneys play in relation to bone health?

They regulate calcium and phosphorus exchange.

What vitamin is important for skin and bone health?

Vitamin D.

What is osteomyelitis?

An infection of the bone.

What is the primary function of red blood cells in relation to bones?

To help make bones stronger.

What is the difference between localized and systemic infections?

Localized infections affect a specific area; systemic infections affect the whole body.

What is cellulitis?

An inflammation that may occur from a skin bump or bruise without a break in the skin.

What is the most common pathogen associated with surgical site infections?

Staphylococcus.

What condition is characterized by deposits of uric acid?

Gout.

What does osteopenia indicate?

Fragile bones that may develop into osteoporosis.

What is the term for when blood vessels carry pathogens to other areas of the body?

Systemic infection.

What are the risk factors for osteoporosis?

Advancing age, being female, being overweight, and being Caucasian.

What type of exercise is recommended to help strengthen bones?

Weight-bearing exercises.

What are glucocytes?

White blood cells that help in fighting infections.

What happens to the body when there is inflammation due to an infection?

Increased blood flow and response to pathogens.

What is the main concern when someone has septic arthritis?

Invasion of the joint by multiple pathogens.

What is the function of the parathyroid gland?

To regulate calcium levels in the body.

What dietary components can influence calcium absorption for bone health?

Calcium and vitamin D.

What should patients with gout limit in their diet?

Foods high in purines such as prunes and anchovies.

What is the recommended duration of antibiotic treatment for osteomyelitis?

Six to eight weeks.

How does menopause affect bone density?

It can lead to increased risk of osteoporosis.

What can be a consequence of untreated osteomyelitis?

Amputation of the affected limb.

What is the typical symptom of a localized infection?

Swelling and redness.

What is an exacerbation in relation to gout?

A sudden worsening of symptoms.

What is the role of nutrition in preventing osteoporosis?

Proper nutrition can provide essential calcium and vitamin D.

What is the difference between osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis?

Osteoarthritis is due to wear and tear; rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune condition.

What do we assess for in patients suspected of having a joint infection?

Swelling, pain, and loss of mobility.

What is the impact of physical inactivity on bone health?

It can lead to weakened bones and increased risk of fractures.

What key mineral is essential for bone strength?

Calcium.

What process can lead to bone infections?

Surgical interventions or trauma.

What is a common test used to diagnose infections?

Blood cultures.

What is the significance of genetic testing in spinal issues?

To determine the risk of hereditary conditions like spondylosis.

How can chronic conditions affect bone health?

They may interfere with mineral absorption or increase the risk of fractures.

What are potential side effects of some mental health medications on bone health?

They can affect the metabolism of uric acid.

What is a primary concern when a patient has an irregular heartbeat alongside joint infections?

Potential for endocarditis which can lead to systemic infections.

What lifestyle change can help mitigate the risk of osteoporosis?

Regular physical activity.

What medications are commonly prescribed for gout?

Allopurinol.

What is the significance of fluid cultures in joint infections?

To identify the pathogens causing the infection.

What does a positive culture for E. Coli in a joint fluid indicate?

A possible bacterial infection in the joint.

When is it common for surgical site infections to surface?

Within the first five days after surgery.

How does dietary intake impact bone density post-surgery?

Insufficient vitamins and minerals can lead to delayed healing.

What can prolonged use of certain drugs do to bone health?

Increase risk of fractures or osteoporosis.

How does the body respond to a new joint implant?

It may treat it as a foreign body, resulting in inflammation.

What diagnostic tool can help show the integrity of bones at locations of pain?

X-rays.

Why is it crucial to monitor patients on antibiotics for infections?

To ensure the right pathogens are being targeted for healing.