Maycock Semester One Final

Epic of Gilgamesh was written in what form?

Cuneiform

Where does The Epic of Gilgamesh take place? Where were the tablets located?

Uruk and Assyria

What is the oldest known written story? And Where is this work from?

The Epic of Gilgamesh; Ancient Mesopotamia - “the cradle of civilization”

EOG

8000 BCE

Agricultural communities form

EOG

6000 BCE

Irrigation allowed development of cities and city states

EOG

3600 BCE

Human began to write in pictographs

EOG

2700 BCE

King Gilgamesh was listen on a cuneiform tablet

EOG

2600 BCE

Gilgamesh appears on list of gods

EOG

2100 BCE

oldest known copy of a poem about Gilgamesh

EOG

1200-1100 BCE

Best version of epic edited by Sin-lique-Uhninni in Akkadian, 12 tablets, each with 1 episode

EOG

668 BCE

King Ashurbanipal created library at Nineveh

EOG

627 BCE

Nineveh falls - library sacked, Akkadia begins to die out

EOG

500-200 BCE

Cuneiform begins to die out, but bits of Gilgamesh story remain from writing practice tablets

EOG

1840s CE

Archeologist dig Ashburbanipal’s library, clay tablets transported to British Museum

EOG

1872 CE

George Smith translated Gilgamesh tablets, uproar ensues

2015 CE

20 new lines are found on this tablet in Kurdistan

Epic of Gilgamesh Plot Summary

1. Enkidu thinks the journey it too dangerous while Gilgamesh wants glory
2. Battle with Humbaba, they win with help from Shamash, the sun god
3. Humbaba pleads for his live and offers to serve Gilgamesh but Enkidu is insulted by him
4. Enkidu convinces Gilgamesh to kill Humbaba
5. Kill Humbaba together
6. Forest starts trembling and Gilgamesh and Enkidu cut down trees
7. Enlil curses them
8. They made a gate with the wood they cut
9. Ishtar, the goddess of love, falls for Gilgamesh but is turned down
10. Asks her father, Anu - god of the sky, to send Bull of Heaven as punishment
11. Bull comes and brings 7 years of famine - E and G kill the Bull
12. Gods meet and decide one of E and G must be punished - Enkidu must die
13. Enkidu i’s plagued with visions of the underworld and tells Gilgamesh
14. Gilgamesh mourns then sets out to find Utnapishtim
15. Gets to Mashu and pleads with two scoprion monsters to allow him in
16. Meets Siduri and she tells him that he should be satisfied with the pleasures of this world
17. Directs him to Urshanabi, the ferryman, who takes Gilgamesh across the waters of death to Ut.
18. Ut tells the story of the flood


1. How Ea told him to make a boat and bring his family and each of life
19. Ut says if he can stay away for a week he will be rewarded with immortality
20. Ut’s wife tells of a plant that restores youth, Gilg wants to bring back for the elders
21. Find the plant but is stolen by a serpent

Gilgamesh

King of Uruk - stongest of men, 2/3 god and 1/3 mortal

Enkidu

Raised by animals but domesticated and became companion of Gilgamesh

Utnapishtim

King and Priest of Shurrupak, “He Who Saw Life”, survived the flood

EOG

Architypes:

Epic Hero

Direct Characterization

When author tells you blankly

Indirect Characterization

When you rely on situations and others opinions and interactions to form character

Epic Hero Archetype

1. Born to greatness
2. Extraordinary powers
3. Flaw of Weakness
4. Foolish or Dangerous Battles

Epic Hero Journey Archetype

1. Event sparks quest
2. Undergoes test of abilities
3. Acquires companion
4. Visits underworld or supernatural world
5. Acquires a mentor
6. Experiences with good and evil women
7. Low point or fails at quest
8. The great battle of good and evil
9. Regains rightful place/ Triumphant return
10. Something more important than the original goal

The Genesis influenced what 3 Major Religions?

Judaism, Christianity, Islam

Author of Bible

Unknown

Inspiration for Genesis

Moses wrote 1st five, King David - Psalms

What was noticed in the 19th century about the Hebrew Bible and what does this mean?

Different styles of writing - different authors

Torah dates to _______ the most recent is ______ BC

10th century BC and 5th century BC

Archetypal Settings

Light and Dark - Universe consisting of oppositesParadise/ Garden of Eden

Common Themes is 2 Creation Stories

God punishes bad behaviour and god has ultimate power over life and death

Genesis offers etiological explanations of . . .

the creation of the world and its inhabitants, the origin of death, fear and hatred of snakes and the pains of childbirth

Traditional Interpretation of “David and Goliath”

denoting an underdog situation, a contest where a smaller, weaker opponent faces a much bigger, stronger adversary; if successful, the underdog may win in an unusual or surprising way.

Gladwell’s Interpretation of “David and Goliath”

David wasn’t truly an underdog but Goliath was as Gladwell believed Goliath had acromegaly and the sling was much more deadly than a man

David and Goliath Archetypes

The Underdog

Oedipus

King of Thebes, solves Sphinx’s riddle, married to Jocasta (his mom). Wants to avoid his fate of killing his dad and marrying his mom. Smart, strong

Jocasta

She wants to avoid her fate and protect him from it aswell and to find who killed her husband.

Tiresias

Blind prophet, tells O he is the murderer

Creon

Jocasta’s brother, get power over Thebes

Polybus and Merope

Oedipus’ adoptive parents

Oediupus - Chorus

Elders of Thebes, how the audience should react

Characteristics of Greek Tragedies

Play that shows downfall or death of main character

Plays were made of up…

all male cast, masks, 12-15 men in chorus, 3 speaking actors

Oedipus the King - ____ BCE

Oedipus at Colonus - ____ BCE

Antigone - ____ BCE

430, 406, 440

Dramatic Irony

When audience knows more than the character

Situational Irony

When there is a difference between what is expected to happen and what actually happens ex. Firehouse burning down

Oedipus the King Motifs

Birds, Knowledge, Fertility, Eyes, Sight, Feet, Fire

Oedipus the King Themes

Fate vs. Free Will

Sight vs. Blindness

Oedipus the King Plot Summary

1. O leaves to avoid fate
2. Kills man who ran him off the road (dad)
3. Solves riddle of the Sphinx
4. Marries Jocasta
5. Puts curse on murderer of Laius
6. Sets out to find killer
7. Teuresias accuses O
8. O and Creon fight and J breaks it up
9. Messenger tells O that Polybus is not his read dad
10. Stories from Herdsman and Messenger
11. Jocasta kills herself and O blinds himself
12. O asks for exile and he leaves and lifts plague

In the Pursuit of Unhappiness

Can’t reach happiness when striving for it, uses Thomas Carlyle quotes and references past to build an argument

Logos

Logic, stats, data

Pathos

Emotion

Ethos

Author’s credibility

Kairos

timeliness

Virgil __- *__*BCE; Farm confincated by who? Returned by ?

70-19 BCE; Confiscated by Marc Antony and returned by Octavian

Goal of Aeneid

National epic for patriotism, origin story of Roman Empire

Process took __ years.

11 and was left unfinished and “imperfect” but saved by Caesar

What is considered the greatest literary work of all time

The Aeneid

What is the Aeneid based on?

First six books are based on Odyssey

Last 6 are based on Illiad

Aeneid Plot Summary

Book IV:

Dido falls to Aeneas and marries in cave… Aeneas leave and Dido kills herself.

Book VI:

Makes Temple of Apollo Goes to underworld to visit dad, sees Dido. Dad answers his question and tells him the future of Rome

Tenor

the subject of the metaphor and its intended meaning

Vehicle

the language used to described the tenor

Ground

the relationship between the tenor and the vehicle

Omar

poet, scientist, mathematician, philosopher, hisorian, scholar of law, astronomy, and inventor of Persian calender

Rubaiyat common themes

life, live in present, living with uncertainty

Rubaiyat Written in what?

4 lines (quatrain)

Rumi Nicknamed after what? What is his original name

after the word for the region in which his family settled; Jalal ad-Din

What was his job and what did he found?

Sufi master; founded Sufi order “Whirling Dervishes”

Mashavi showed aspects of . . .

Sufism in Rumi’s era

What is Rumi and “Mashavi” considered?

One of the finest Persian mystical poets and finest poets of the world; Most important Sufi works ever written

Analogy

Compares relationship in metaphor --- multiple parts

Direct Metaphor

Both parts given to us

Indirect Metaphor

given only what it is being compared to

Rumi Themes

Longing for union with God

Fisherman

Humble and smart, cunning

King Yunan

Arrogant and Gullible

Sindbad

(and Falcon) quick tempered

1001 Nights Morals

1. Don’t abuse your power over others
2. Don’t hurt other because you have been hurt

In text citation for quote

(Author’s name, Page Number)

MLA Citation

Name. “Title” *Container.* Published Date. URL.