AOIs — Superficial & Deep Dorsal & Ventral Hind Limb

What muscles are part of the Anterior and Medial Hip?

Iliopsoas (iliacus (2) and psoas major (1)), sartorius (10)

What is the ACTION of the iliopsoas?

Flexion of the thigh

What is the ORIGIN of the iliopsoas?

Iliac fossa, ala of sacrum, and vertebrae (T12-L5)

What is the INSERTION of the iliopsoas?

Lesser trochanter (femur)

What is the ACTION of the sartorius?

Flexion of thigh and lateral rotation of femur

What is the ORIGIN of the sartorius?

Anterior superior iliac spine

What is the INSERTION of the sartorius?

Proximal shaft of tibia

Human, cat, or both: iliopsoas, sartorius

Both, both

What muscles make up the medial thigh?

Adductor magnus (11), obturator externus (14), adductor longus (9) and brevis (8), pectineus (7), gracilis (12)

What is the ACTION of the adductor magnus?

Adduction and extension of thigh

What is the ORIGIN of adductor magnus?

Pubis and ischium

What is the INSERTION of the adductor magnus?

Gluteal tuberosity and linea aspera (femur)

What is the ACTION of the obturator externus?

Lateral rotation of thigh

What is the ORIGIN of the obturator externus?

Inferior edge of obturator foramen

What is the INSERTION of the obturator externus?

Greater trochanter of the femur

What is the ACTION of the adductor longus and brevis?

Adduction of thigh

What is the ORIGIN of the adductor longus and brevis?

Body and inferior ramus (pubis)

What is the INSERTION of the adductor longus and brevis?

Linea aspera (femur)

What is the ACTION of the pectineus?

Adducts, flexes, and medially rotates the thigh

What is the ORIGIN of the pectineus?

Body and ramus of the pubis

What is the INSERTION of the pectineus?

Proximal shaft of femur

What is the ACTION of the gracilis?

Adduction of thigh; flexion of leg

What is the ORIGIN of the gracilis?

Body and ramus of the pubis

What is the INSERTION of the gracilis?

Proximal shaft of tibia

Human, cat, or both: adductor magnus, obturator exrernus, adductor longus and brevis, pectineus, gracilis

All both

What muscles are part of the Anterior Thigh?

Rectus femoris (quadriceps, 4), vastus lateralis (quadriceps, 5), vastus medialis (quadriceps, 13), vastus intermedius (quadriceps, 13), tensor fasciae latae (3)

What is the ACTION of the rectus femoris?

Extension of leg; flexion of thigh

What is the ORIGIN of the rectus femoris?

Anterioir inferioir iliac spine

What is the INSERTION of the rectus femoris?

Patella and tibial tuberosity

What is the ACTION of the vastus lateralis?

Extension of leg

What is the ORIGIN of the vastus lateralis?

Greater trochanter (femur)

What is the INSERTION of the vastus lateralis?

Patella and tibial tuberosity

What is the ACTION of the vastus medialis?

Extension of leg

What is the ORIGIN of the vastus medialis?

Intertrochanteric line and linea aspera (femur)

What is the INSERTION of the vastus medialis?

Patella and tibial tuberosity

What is the ACTION of the vastus intermedius?

Extension of leg

What is the ORIGIN of the vastus intermedius?

Anterolateral shaft of femur

What is the INSERTION of the vastus intermedius?

Patella and tibial tuberosity

What is the ACTION of tensor fasciae latae?

Flexion, abduction, and medial rotation of thigh

What is the ORIGIN of the tensor fasciae latae?

Anterior superior iliac spine

What is the INSERTION of the tensor fasciae latae?

Iliotibial tract

Human, cat, or both: rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius, tensor fasciae latae

All both

What muscles make up the Gluteal muscles?

Gluteus medius, gluteus maximus

What is the ACTION of the gluteus medius?

Abduction of thigh

What is the ORIGIN of the gluteus medius?

Ala (ilium)

What is the INSERTION of the gluteus medius?

Greater trochanter (femur)

What is the ACTION of the gluteus maximus?

Extension, lateral rotation, and abduction of thigh

What is the ORIGIN of the gluteus maximus?

Ala (ilium); sacrum; coccyx

What is the INSERTION of the gluteus maximus?

Gluteal tuberosity (femur)

Humans, cats, or both: gluetus medius, gluteus maximus

Both, both

What muscles make up the Posterior Thigh?

Biceps femoris (hamstrings), semitendinosus, semimembranosus

What is the ACTION of the biceps femoris?

Flexion of the leg; extension of thigh

What is the ORIGIN of the biceps femoris?

Ischial tuberosity

What is the INSERTION of the biceps femoris?

Head of fibula

What is the ACTION of the semitendinosus?

Flexion of the leg; extension of thigh

What is the ORIGIN of the semitendinosus?

Ischial tuberosity

What is the INSERTION of the semitendinosus?

Proximal shaft of tibia

What is the ACTION of the semimembranosus?

Flexion of the leg; extension of thigh

What is the ORIGIN of the semimembranosus?

Ischial tuberosity

What is the INSERTION of the semimembranosus?

Medial condyle (tibia)

Human, cat, or both: biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus

All both

What muscles make up the Anterior Lower Leg?

Tibialis anterior, extensor digitorum longus, extensor hallucis, fibularis (peroneus) tertius

What is the ACTION of the tibialis anterior?

Dorsiflexion and inversion of foot

What is the ORIGIN of the tibialis anterior?

Lateral condyle shaft (tibia); interosseous membrane

What is the INSERTION of the tibialis anterior?

Metatarsal I; medial cuneiform

What is the ACTION of the extensor digitorum longus?

Extension of toes II-V; dorsiflexion and eversion of foot

What is the ORIGIN of the extensor digitorum longus?

Lateral condyle shaft (tibia); interosseous membrane

What is the INSERTION of the extensor digitorum longus?

Distal phalanges II-V

What is the ACTION of the extensor hallicus longus?

Extension of great toe; dorsiflexion and inversion of foot

What is the ORIGIN of the extensor hallicus longus?

Fibula; interosseous membrane

What is the INSERTION of the extensor hallicus longus?

Distal phalanx of the great toe

What is the ACTION of the fibularis tertius?

Dorsiflexion and eversion of the foot

What is the ORIGIN of the fibularis tertius?

Fibula; interosseous membrane

What is the INSERTION of the fibularis tertius?

Metatarsal V

Human, cat, or both: tibialis anterioir, extensor digitorum longus, extensor hallicus longus, fibularis tertius

Both, both, human, both

What muscles make up the Lateral Lower Leg?

Fibularis brevis (peroneus), fibularis longus (peroneus)

What is the ACTION of the fibularis brevis?

Plantar flexion and eversion of the foot

What is the ORIGIN of the fibularis brevis?

Distal shaft of fibula

What is the INSERTION of the fibularis brevis?

Metatarsal V

What is the ACTION of the fibularis longus?

Plantar flexion and eversion of the foot

What is the ORIGIN of the fibularis longus?

Proximal shaft of fibula

What is the INSERTION of the fibularis longus?

Metatarsal I; medial cuneiform

What muscles make up the Posterior Superficial Lower Leg?

Gastrocnemius (medial and lateral head), plantaris, soleus

Humans, cats, or both: fibularis brevis, fibularis longus

Both, both

What is the ACTION of the gastrocnemius?

Plantar flexion of the foot; flexion of leg

What is the ORIGIN of the gastrocnemius?

Medial and lateral condyles (femur)

What is the INSERTION of the gastrocnemius?

Calcaneus

What is the ACTION of the plantaris?

Plantar flexion of the foot; eversion of the foot

What is the ORIGIN of the plantaris?

Distal shaft of the femur

What is the INSERTION of the plantaris?

Calcaneus

What is the ACTION of the soleus?

Plantar flexion of the foot

What is the ORIGIN of the soleus?

Proximal shafts of tibia and fibula

What is the INSERTION of the soleus?

Calcaneus

Humans, cats, or both: gatrocnemius, plantaris, soleus

All both

What muscles make the Posterior Deep Lower Leg?

Flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallicus longus

What is the ACTION of the flexor digitorum longus?

Plantar flexion and inversion of foot; flexion of toes II-V

What is the ORIGIN of the flexor digitorum longus?

Mid-shaft of tibia

What is the INSERTION of the flexor digitorum longus?

Distal phalanges II-V

What is the ACTION of the flexor hallicus longus?

Plantar flexion and inversion of feet; flexion of great toe

What is the ORIGIN of the flexor hallicus longus?

Posterior shaft of fibula; interosseous membrane