PRELIM EXAM COVERAGE DEVBIO LAB

Mitosis

This cell division occurs during tissue repair, and production of cell numbers

Meiosis

Production of gametes or sex cells

G1 Phase

Cell grows and synthesizes proteins and new organelles

S Phase

Chromosomes replicate

G2 Phase

Organelles and molecules used in cell division are produced

p53

a protein that stops the cell cycle when the environment is not favorable causing the cell to die

Cancer

When the proteins that regulate cell cycle are mutated or absent, it leads to _______.

Cell Growth Checkpoint

This is one of the 3 checkpoints where it checks whether the cell is big enough and has made the proper proteins for synthesis phase, otherwise it turns back to G0 phase until it is ready for cell division

DNA Synthesis Checkpoint

Occurs during the S Phase, checks if the DNA has been replicated correctly

Mitosis Checkpoint

Checks whether mitosis is complete and ready for cell division

Chromatin

A genetic material or molecule that comprises of DNA, RNA, and proteins which results to the formation of chromosomes

Sister Chromatids

two identical copies of the same chromosome form by DNA replication

Chromosome

A threadlike structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus

Gene

A section of DNA that encodes for a certain trait that determine individual traits

Allele/Alleleomorphs

variant form of gene that contributes to the diversity in phenotype expression

Centromere

Region of a chromosome to which the microtubules of the spindle attach. (Tig dikit sa sister chromatids)

Centrioles

paired barrel shaped organelles

Centrosome

An organelle near the nucleus of a cell which contains the centrioles

Spindle fibers

Form a protein structure that divides the genetic material in a cell

Mitotic spindle

term for Spindle fibers during mitosis

Kinetochore

complex structure that specifies the attachments between the chromosomes and microtubules

Aster

radial microtubule arrays found in animal cells

Cleavage furrow

cytokinesis in animal and algal cells, final splitting of the membrane, in the process of cell division

Cell plate

disc like structure in the plane of the equator of the spindle that separates the two sets of chromosomes during cytokinesis