Unit 4: Political Patterns and Processes

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Unit 4 List 1 vocabulary

23 Terms

1

Nation

a large aggregate of people united by common descent, history, culture, or language, inhabiting a particular country or territory.

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2

Nation-state

a sovereign state whose citizens or subjects are relatively homogeneous in factors such as language or common descent.

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3

Democratization

the process of creating a government elected by the people

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4

Multi State Nation

nation that transcends the borders of two or more states

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5

Stateless Nation

A nation that does not have a state. Example: Palestinians, Kurds, Basque, Rohingya

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6

Colonialism

Attempt by one country to establish settlements and to impose its political, economic, and cultural principles in another territory.

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7

Capitalism

an economic and political system in which a country's trade and industry are controlled by private owners for profit, rather than by the state.

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8

Centripetal forces

An attitude that tends to unify people and enhance support for a state

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9

Centrifugal forces

things that cause division within the state (ex: political, religious, or economic conflict)

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10

Unitary State

An internal organization of a state that places most power in the hands of central government officials

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11

Federal State

An internal organization of a state that allocates strong power to units of local government

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12

Devolution

The process whereby regions within a state demand and gain political strength and growing autonomy at the expense of the central government

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13

Reapportionment

the process of reassigning representation based on population, after every census

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14

Boundary

vertical plane between states that cuts through the rocks below, and the airspace above the surface

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15

Heartland Theory

Hypothesis proposed by Halford Mackinder that held that any political power based in the heart of Eurasia could gain enough strength to eventually dominate the world.

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16

autonomous region (semi autonomous)

self ruled region within another country - examples: Xinjiang, China or Native American reservations

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17

supranational organization

A venture involving three or more states ceding SOME sovereignty for political, economic, and/or cultural cooperation to promote shared objectives. (EU)

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18

UN (United Nations)

A supranational organization formed after WWII to promote international peace, security, and cooperation.

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19

League of Nations

Supranational organization established after World War I; Failed precursor to the United Nations.

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20

EU(European Union)

A supranational organization of European countries formed after World War II to reduce trade barriers and increase cooperation among its members.

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21

ASEAN

an association of nations dedicated to economic and political cooperation in southeastern Asia and who joined with the United States to fight against global terrorism

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22

NAFTA (now USMCA)

A trade agreement between Canada, the United States and Mexico that encourages free trade between these North American countries.

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23

OPEC

Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries

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