anatomical terms to know

ab-

ab-

away from

ad-

toward, near

-algia

pain

ante-

before, forward

circum-

around

contra-

against, opposite

dia-

through, apart

dynia-

pain

ad-

above, over, upon

exo-

outside of, outward

ad-

toward, near

-ic

pertaining to

infra-

below, beneath

inter-

between

intra-

within

dia-

through, apart

macr/o

pain

epi-

after, behind

micro-

small

para-

alongside, near, beyond abnormal

-ic

pertaining to

exo-

outside of, outward

-genesis

production, formation

-ic

pertaining to

infra-

below, beneath

inter-

between

meta-

after, behind

micro-

small

3 components of homeostasis and feedback

1. receptor

2. control center

3. effector

4 effectors of the body

1. skeletal muscle

2. smooth muscle

3. cardiac muscle

4. endocrine glands

negative feedback

the response cancels or counteracts the original stimulus

peri-

around, surrounding

adip(o)

relating to fat

-algia

pain

-ic

pertaining to

infra-

below, beneath

inter-

between

hidr/o

sweat

ab-

away from

onych/o

toward, near

what is homeostasis

regulation of multiple factors within the body

homeostasis is regulated by

1. nervous system (rapid)

2. hormones (slower)

3 components of homeostasis and feedback

1. receptor

2. control center

3. effector

psuedo-

false

seb/o

sebum

strata

layer

epimysium

surrounds entire muscle

perimysium

surrounds fascicles

epi-

after, behind

3 layers of connective tissue extend from fascia to strengthen and protect the muscle as a…

tendon

rectus

parallel to the midline

transverse

perpendicular to the midline

oblique

diagonal to the midline

flexor

decreases joint angle

extensor

decreases joint angle

abductor

moves away from the midline

which 2 systems maintain homeostasis

nervous and endocrine

name the 4 main body cavities

1. cranial

2. vertebral

3. thoracic

4. abdominopelvic

what are serous membranes?

thin, slippery, double layer membranes that covers organs within the thoracic and abdominal cavities and lines the walls of the thorax and abdomen

3 parts of serous membranes

1. parietal layer — lines the walls of cavities

2. visceral layer — adheres to the organs within the cavities

3. serous fluid — lubricating fluid

-clast

break, breaking

condyle

smooth articular surface

cost/o

rib

cox/o

hip

crani/o

skull

foramen

opening

fossa

hollow area

-itis

inflammation

mega-

enlargement

-oid

resembling

ped/o

foot, child

-physis

growth, growing

pod/o

foot

xiph/o

sword shaped, xiphoid

zyg/o

union, junction

-asthenia, asthnen/o

weakness

erg/o

work

fasci/o

fascia

lei/o

smooth

-lysis

dissolution, breakdown

my/o, myso/o

muscle

pale/o

old

rectus

straight

-stasis

standing still, standing

sthen/o, -sthenia

strength

-stroma

supporting tissue of an organ

syndesm/o

ligament, connective tissue

ten/o, tenont/o

tendon

ton/o

tone, tension

adductor

moves toward midline

deltoid

triangular shape

trapezius

trapezoid shape

biceps

has 2 origins

triceps

has 3 origins

quadriceps

has 4 origins

hematopoiesis

blood cell production

process

projection or bump

ramus

extension of a bone making an angle

trochanter

large, rough projection; only in femur

tuberosity

smaller, rough projection