Chinese Culture Flashcards

Flashcards for Chinese Culture Final Review

Cang jie

Created Chinese characters.

Chinese Characters

The oldest characters still used today with a history of 6000 years.

Jia gu wen 甲骨文

Oracle bone inscriptions.

Qin Shihuang

Unified the writing form of the characters (seal script).

Structure of Chinese character

Chinese character component, strokes, writing shapes.

Six ways to create Chinese characters “ 六书”

Pictographic, Self-explanatory, Ideographic, Pictophonetic (the most commonly used).

Earliest written form of Chinese characters

Inscriptions of bones of animals.

Chinese Characters

Most of characters today are monosyllabic.

Zi ru qi ren 字如其人

A good man can write good looking characters.

The four treasure of study 文房四宝

Bi 笔 brush, Mo 墨 ink, Zhi 纸 xuan paper, Yan砚 ink stone.

Famous calligraphers

Wang xi zhi, Yan zhenqing, Liu gongquan.

Four masters of regular script

Ouyang xun, Yan zhenqing, Zhao mengfu, Liu gongquan

Chinese Traditional Architecture influenced by Taoism and Confucianism

Beautiful convenient and beneficial to the people.

Feng shui

Buildings are designed in accordance with the nature.

Da Zhuang

Masculine and vigorous the buildings are built large and big “the sky is round and the place is round”.

Wood

Main material easy to obtain quickly to produce.

Chinese architecture

Based on the basic principle of frame structures.

Functions of dou gong

Load effect, Increase the distance, Decoration, Seism effect.

Aesthetic function of Chinese architecture

Wing roof design, High rise building platforms, Exquisite wood carving.

Auspicious beasts on the roof of royal architecture

Used to prevent fire and represent the power.

Axisymmetric buildings

Buildings that display symmetry in their structures.

Tang dynasty urban planning

Reached its peak and invention of shopping.

Chinese sacrificial architecture

Royal, Folk, Religious.

Religious architecture

Temple of heaven, Wild loose pagoda, Chenghuang temple.

Royal architecture

Imperial garden, Summer palace, Winter palace.

Private gardens

Canglang pavilion, Liu yan, The humble administrators garden.

Private garden the 3 characteristics

Winding paths and corridors, Borrowing scenery, Decorate with uniquely shaped strange stones.

Origine of peking opera

Anhui and Hubei province.

Four roles in peking opera

Sheng, Dan, Jing, Chou.

8 forms of piking opera make up

Whole face, Three pieces face, Cross face, Sixty percent face, Colorful face, Ugly face, Pictographic face, Clown face.

7 colors and their meanings

Red, Purple, Black, Blue, Green, Yellow, White.

Four traditional porcelain

Blue and white, Color glaze, Famille rose, Glowing.

景德镇jing de zhen

Porcelain capital in china.

The Chinese bronze age: 青铜器时代 qing tongqi shidai

Lasted for about 1500 years bronze used for ritual instruments weapons and daily utensils.

Famous bronze wares

Si muwu ding, The great ding for yu, Bronze square zun decorated with four rams.

Personality of sheep

Kindness courtesy and softness MOST POPULAR SYMBOLIC MEANING IS AUSPICIOUS.

Four most famous embroidery types

Suzhou CAT, Hunan TIGER, Guagdong BIRDS, Sichuan LANDSCAPES AND CARPS.

Lei Zu

Discovered the silk she is the wife of the yellow emperor and the queen of the tribe.

Role of silk

Clothe material, Currency, Writing material.

Characteristics of the silk

Light formfitiing, Soft and smooth, Bright and colorful, Comfortable, Easy to wrinkle, Stick on the skin, Easy to fade.

Silk road “丝绸之路” si chou zhi lou

Divided to land silk road and maritime silk road.

The land silk road

Originated in the western han dynasty the emperor sent zhang qian to the westen regions to open up a land starting from the capital chang’an (xian now) to rome.

Silk road was called because

Main trading good was silk.

一带一路 yid ai yi lu belt and road initiative

Aims to borrow the historical symbols of silk road to promote peaceful development develop economic cooperation partnership with countries along the route.

Chinese traditional medicine

More than 2000 years.

Origin of Chinese traditional medicine in the taoist philosophy

Humans and nature live in harmony the human body constantly interact with the environment.

阴阳 Yin Yang theory

Two opposite aspects of all objects they interact constantly.

the five element theory 五行

wood, water, metal, earth, fire.

五脏 Zang organs (yin)

Heart, Kidney, Liver, Lung, Spleen.

六腑 fu organs (yang)

Gall bladder, Small intestine, Stomach, Large intestine, Bladder, San jiao (metabolism).

The meridian cycle 经络

Classified as yin or yang one continuous flow.

San jiao 三焦

Upper jiao 上, Middle jiao 中, Lower jiao 下.

望闻问切 the diagnosis types

Observation, Listening and Smelling, Ask, pulse feeling.

针灸 zhen jiu acupuncture

Uses fine needles to restore balance of qi over 500 acupuncture points.

推拿 tui na

Massage.

太极拳 tai jiquan and 气功 qigong

Are physical exercises used to strengthen the body prevent desease and treatment longevity extension.

中药 chinise medicine three types

Animal, Mineral, Plants.

Yang

Spicy and Sweet.

Yin

Sour Bitter Salty.

扁鹊 bian que

Ancestor of Chinese medicine.

华佗 hua tuo

Surgical ancestor.

张仲景 zhang zhong jing

Medical sage.

孙思邈 sun si miao

Medical king.

李时珍 li shi zhen

Medicine saint.

Inner canon of the yellow emperor

Comprehensive medical book the earliest medical book in china.

Sheng nong herbal classic

Originating from shennong the earliest collection of Chinese herbal medicine books.