Nazi Germany

Consequences of the Treaty of Versailles

• Blame

• Land

• Army

• Money

• Empire

• Disputes

Blame- TOV

Germany was blamed for WW1 under Article 231

• resented being blamed

• Thought everyone was also guilty for joining

• said ‘saying that we are guilty is to admit a lie’

Land

Germany lost land to France, Belgium, Denmark, Poland and the League of Nations.

Austria- Hungary was broken up and forbidden to join Germany

• allies wanted to create a buffer around Germany, but the countries were too weak

• German-speaking people had to join other countries

• Germany set their sights on reclaiming these lands

Army

100,000 men max.

Navy: 6 battleships

No planes, sub's or tanks

No troops in Rhineland, Allies could keep theirs for 15 years

• soldiers wanted a strong army, veterans Ffelt a loss of pride

• sailors refused to hand over ships, sunk their fleet in Scalpa Flow, Scotland in 1919

• while allied troops were in Rhineland, kept france safe

Money

Had to pay 6.6 billion euros in gold and goods to pay for war damages- decided by Allies in 1921

• couldn't pay this amount

• Lent money by the USA to pay it

Empire

Colonies in Africa, China and the Pacific Ocean were taken off and given to Allies

• lost income frome colonies

• Could focus on only Europe

Disputes

League of Nations was established

• Germany couldn't join until proven responsible

• USA didn't join, which made it weak

• Didn't have an army, depended on countries joining it

David Lloyd George

• UK

• Harsh but fair punishment

• Wanted to take away colonies

• Wanted them as a trade partner

• “Squeeze Germany until the pops squeaked”

• Thought the LoN was a good idea, but noth the most important part of the peace talks

Woodrow Wilson

• USA

• Punished, but not too harshly

• Idealist

• Self-determination

• Disarmment

• LoN

Georges Clemenceau

Long Term Causes: MP

• Stab in the back theory

• Gustav von Kahr shared Nails views, turned a blind eye to SA violence

Medium Term Causes: MP

• Between 1921-1922, Hitler was inspired by Mussolini's March on Rome and fascist party

• SA had grown to 50,000 members by 1923, giving him confidence

Short Term Causes: MP

In 1923,

• Hyperinflation peaked

• French troops entered the Ruhr and took over businesses

Successes: MP

• Ludendorff was found not guilty as a respected soldier

• Hitler used his time in prison to write Mein Kampf

• Realised he needed a new strategy

• Hitler should have recieved a life sentence, but only spent 9 months not 5 years

• H used his trial to gather publicity, spoke against the Weimar Republic, Versailles and the November Criminals