Chapter 11: Human Resources Management

What are the TWO reasons human resource management has evolved

1.) changes in law that had rewrote many traditional practices

2.) organization recognized employees as their ULTIMATE resource

What is Human Resource Management

process of determining human resource need and then recruiting, selecting, developing, motivating, evaluating, compensating, and scheduling employees to achieve organizational goals

What was HRM previously called and what were the previous responsibilities

personnel management, focusing mainly on administrative tasks and labor relations.

Human resource management has evolved due to shifts from agriculture and manufacturing to service and high-tech industries.

This shift makes recruiting and retaining skilled workers crucial, transforming employees into the ultimate resource driving innovation and growth.

What is one of the main reasons organizations recognize employees as their ultimate resource?

Employees develop ideas that become products satisfying consumer needs

What are some of the challenges associated with Human Resources

too many some: uncertainty in global economy, managing a diverse workforce, changes in technology, and compliance with labor laws.

What is one of the challenges faced by human resources due to global political uncertainty?

• Increased attention on hiring immigrants

• Shortages of trained workers in computer technology

• Multigenerational workforce

• Underemployment in declining industries

Increased attention on hiring immigrants

What was the main purpose of Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964?

• To regulate interstate commerce

• To prohibit discrimination in various aspects of employment

• To establish minimum wage laws

• To provide healthcare benefits to all employees

To prohibit discrimination in various aspects of employment

What is The Civil Rights Act of 1964?

a landmark social legislation, aimed to eliminate workplace discrimination. Imagine it as a shield, protecting employees from unfair treatment based on race, religion, sex, and more.

How many times was the Civil Rights Act of 1964 amended before its final passage?

• 50 times

• 75 times

• 97 times

• 100 times

97 times

The 1972 Equal Employment Opportunity Act (EEOA) was added to title VII. WHat did it do to the Civil RIghts Act of 1964.

empowered the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) to enforce fair hiring practices, like the "ban-the-box" rule.

What does affirmative action enforce

It ensures recruitment, selection, and promotion are fair, creating opportunities for underrepresented groups.

What does the The Office of Federal Contract Compliance Programs (OFCCP) do

It enforces affirmative action requirements for federal contractors. follow the rules of nondiscrimination and affirmative action when working with the federal government.

What significant change did the Civil Rights Act of 1991 introduce to Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964?

• It abolished the need for a jury trial.

• It provided victims the right to a jury trial and punitive damages.

• It removed the rights of victims to seek legal remedies.

• It reduced the scope of discrimination covered under the law.

It provided victims the right to a jury trial and punitive damages for cases of discrimination in employment.

What year was the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) enacted?

• 1980

• 1990

• 2000

• 2010

1990

What does American with Disabilities Act ensure for individuals

This law mandates reasonable accommodations, like modifying equipment, to support inclusivity in the workplace.

What is accommodation

treating people according to their specific needs

What was the purpose of the Americans with Disabilities Act Amendments Act (ADAAA) passed by Congress in 2008?

• To reduce the range of disabilities covered by the ADA

• To overturn Supreme Court decisions that had reduced protections for people with certain disabilities

• To increase the burden of proof of disability on employees

• To limit the unpaid leave provided to employees

To overturn Supreme Court decisions that had reduced protections for people with certain disabilities

What does Age Discrimination Employment Act of 1967 (ADEA) do

protects employees over 40 yrs to be fired and discriminated against

What is the minimum number of employees an employer must have for the ADEA to apply?

• 10

• 15

• 20

• 25

20

Which act established collective bargaining in labor-management relations?

• Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938

• Americans with Disabilities Act Amendments Act of 2008

• National Labor Relations Act of 1935

• Social Security Act of 1935

National Labor Relations

What are the Five Steps of Human Resource Planning

1) Preparing a human resource inventory

2) Preparing a job analysis

3.) Assessing future human resources demand

4.) Assessing future labor supply

5.) Establishing a strategic planning.

A JOB ANALYSIS has two important statements which are

JOB DESCRIPTION (about the job) and JOB SPECIFICATIONS(about the person)

Outline the six steps of Selecting Employees

1.) Obtaining complete application forms

2.)Conducting interviews,

3.) Testing candidates,

4.) Checking references and background checks,

5.) Obtaining results from physical exams

6.) establishing trial periods

What is a contingent worker

includeds part time workers, temporary workers , on-call workers, and independent contractors who are not permanent members of the workforce.

how many people are contingent workers in the US

15 million under 25

What three steps are included in training and development

1.) assessing organizational needs and employees skills to determine training needs

2.) designing training activities to meet identified needs and

3.) evaluating the effectiveness of training programs.

What is training and Development

includes all attempts to improve productivity by increasing an employee's ability to perform

What are some common training and development activities

orientation, on the job training, apprenticeship programs, online training, vestibule training, job simulation and mentorship programs.

What is management Development?

the process of training and educating employees to become good manager, and then monitoring the progress of their managerial skills overtime .

WHat do most management training programs include?

On the job coaching, understudy positions, job rotations, off the job courses ang training

What is Networking?

the process of establishing and nurturing professional relationships that can lead to new opportunities, resources, and support within a career or industry.

What are some of th benefits of mentoring programs

1.) improves recruiting and retention

2.) more engaged employees

3.) cost saving and…

4) increased skills and better attitudes

What 3 principles do companies that take time to develop minority managers understand

1.) preparing woman of POC isn’t about legality, but bringing talent to the door

2.) the best women and POC become harder to attract so its more beneficial to develop them internally and promote diversity within leadership roles.

3.) having a diverse workforce means that you can better serve customers from a diverse background meaning more MONEY.

What is a performance Appraisal?

AN evaluation a manager uses to measure employee performance against established standards in order to compensate, promote, train, or terminate.

What are the six steps to a performance appraisal?

1.) setting performance standards 2.) communicating expectations 3.) monitoring performance 4.) evaluating performance 5.) providing feedback 6.) implementing improvement plans.

What is a 360 degree review

management gathers opinions from ALL EMPLOYEES IN EVERY SECTOR.

Many COmpanies are moving away from formal anuual review towards ________

continuous performance review.

What does a continuous performance review allow workers to do

receive and give continuous, real time feedback through mobile apps

What is a giveback?

A giveback is a reduction in employee compensation or benefits that is typically implemented during economic downturns or financial difficulties to help an organization manage costs.

What is labor hoarding?

Labor hoarding is the practice of retaining employees during downturns or periods of reduced demand, rather than laying them off, to preserve the workforce for when business conditions improve.

What is the main tools companies use to attract qualified employees

Competitive compensation packages, benefits, and a positive workplace culture.

What can a carefully managed and competitive compensation package accomplish

It can attract, retain, and motivate skilled employees, leading to increased productivity and organizational success. Provide some financial security like health insurance and retirement packages,

How does the pay structure HAY method work

Made by Edward Hay. based on job grades system is based on a point system with tree key factors considered: knowledge, problem solving, and accountability

WHat is a market-based Pay structure

compensate people relative to market value of their job. Companies research what other firms are paying and base their proposed salary on that.

WHat is skill based pay

rewards both the growth of the individual and team to enhance tean cohessiveness. It rewards employees for acquiring new skills and competencies, promoting continuous learning and adaptability within the organization.

What is Gain Sharing systems

bases bonuses on improvement over previous performance . one drawback is that employees can improve by a small amount that may not represent significant progress, potentially leading to disappointment if expectations are not clearly defined.

A good way to compensate for uneven team participation is to let the team decide wich members get what type of individual award.

What are fringe benefits?

Fringe benefits are additional compensation provided to employees that go beyond salary, such as health insurance, retirement plans, paid time off, and other perks that enhance overall employee satisfaction and engagement.

Newer fringe benefits aimed at GenZ and millenials is student loan payment and low cost loans .

What are soft benefits

Soft benefits are non-monetary perks that enhance employee satisfaction, including flexible work arrangements, wellness programs, and professional development opportunities.

Employees of Today often move____ to a new postion rather than _____

over; up from job to job; within the same company.

The "employment at will" doctrine once allowed U.S. managers to fire employees freely, similar to how employees could leave jobs voluntarily. However, states now limit this to protect against wrongful termination, such as firing for whistleblowing or refusing illegal activities.

Which law protects employees who have an illness such as addiction from being wrongfully terminated?

• Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)

• Equal Employment Opportunity Act

• Family and Medical Leave Act

• Occupational Safety and Health Act

Americans with Disabilities Act

What is a golden Handshake?

Early retirement benefits, are incentives for older employees to retire, boosting morale and opening promotion paths for younger staff.

What is one advantage of offering early retirement benefits over layoffs or firing?

• Increased company profits

• Higher employee turnover

• increased morale of surviving employees

• Reduced training costs

increased morale of surviving employees

How do companies encourage older employees to stay and train their replacements?

• Offering higher salaries

• Providing flexible, part-time schedules

• Giving additional vacation days

• Offering stock options

providing flexible part time schedules

What is an exit interview?

A structured conversation between an employer and departing employee to discuss the reasons for leaving and gather feedback on the workplace.

What is off boarding?

the process of managing an employee's departure from an organization, including exit interviews and transitioning their responsibilities.

A challenge for human resource managers because of the change from traditional manufacturing to service and high-tech manufacturing industries is Blank______.

increased employee loyalty

workers who are technologically literate

the oversupply of technically trained workers

the need to retrain workers

the need to retrain workers

What is a challenge for human resource managers today?

the decrease in single parent families

a shortage of workers in areas such as computer technology

too many workers available in the skilled trades

an overabundance of workers in areas such as computer technology

a shortage of workers in areas such as computer technology

What federal law that establishes the right to collective bargaining and limits the interference of management in the right of employees to have a collective bargaining agent?

Civil Rights Act of 1964

Equal Employment Opportunity Act of 1972

Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938

National Labor Relations Act of 1935

The National Labor Relations Act of 1935

The set of activities for obtaining the right number of qualified people at the right time to fill the needs of the organization is Blank______.

organizing

performance appraisal

recruitment

training

recruitment

The Equal Employment Opportunity Act of 1972 authorized the EEOC to Blank______.

apply EEO laws to all people

incorrect

reduce specific record-keeping procedures

overrule the Supreme Court

set guidelines for employers' administration of EEO

set guidelines for employers' administration of EEO

A schedule that allows employees to balance work-life demands is Blank______.

flextime

correct

cafeteria-style

self insurance

soft schedules

flextime is a scheduling approach that enables employees to choose their working hours within certain limits, providing them with flexibility to manage personal and professional responsibilities.

Micah and Rhia both work part-time as the scheduler for a dental practice. Micah works from 8:00 am until noon, where he is replaced by Rhia who works from noon until 5:00 pm. What sort of work arrangement is this?

job splitting

job rotation

incorrect

job sharing

job enrichment

job sharing is an employment arrangement where two or more part-time employees share the responsibilities and schedule of a single full-time position, allowing for flexibility and a better work-life balance.