Similarities and differences between the four Atlantic Revolutions

Enlightenment Ideas

Philosophical ideals promoting liberty, equality, and fraternity that inspired all Atlantic revolutions.

Resistance to Authority

Rebellion against oppressive systems, including colonial rule and absolute monarchy, seen in all four revolutions.

Struggle for Independence

Efforts for self-governance and sovereignty that characterized all Atlantic revolutions, despite variations in impact.

Goals of the American Revolution

Primarily sought independence from British rule.

Goals of the French Revolution

Aimed at radical political change and social equality.

Goals of the Haitian Revolution

Fought against slavery and for the freedom of enslaved people.

Goals of the Latin American Revolutions

Sought independence and the establishment of new governments.

Violence in the French Revolution

Characterized by extreme violence and the Reign of Terror.

Violence in the American Revolution

Featured a more conventional warfare approach.

Violence in the Haitian Revolution

Marked by a massive slave uprising.

Violence in Latin American Revolutions

Involved a mixture of guerrilla warfare and conventional battles.

Role of Foreign Intervention in the American Revolution

Significant foreign support from France played a crucial role.

Role of Foreign Intervention in the French Revolution

Faced foreign hostility and intervention from other nations.

Role of Foreign Intervention in the Haitian Revolution

Experienced foreign hostility and intervention, particularly due to revolutionary ideas.

Outcomes of the American Revolution

Led to the establishment of an independent nation-state.

Outcomes of the French Revolution

Initially successful but ultimately resulted in the rise of Napoleon.

Outcomes of the Haitian Revolution

Established an independent nation-state that abolished slavery.

Outcomes of the Latin American Revolutions

Produced numerous independent countries but faced ongoing governance challenges.