Definitions for exam

What is Teleology

The way the function of objects are described by their goals or objectives

I.e: A knife’s purpose is to cut, so it will do that

Blank Verse

Poetry that is written in unrhymed lines (Regular meter) usually in iambic pentameter (Doesn’t rhyme but follows a patter.)

Othello or any shalespeare

Dramatic Irony

When the audience knows something the characters don’t or when a characters words come back on them

Foil

A character who sharply contrasts the protagonist. Serves to highlight certain attributes of the protagonist

Bianca in Othello is a good example of a foil because she highly contrasts Desdemona. Not only is she a lower class citizen, but she also does not believe in being loyal as Desdemona does.

post-truth

A situation where emotional or personal beliefs are more influential then actual facts.

This could be an example of when Othello is accused of stealing Brabantio’s daughter in the opening act of Othello, before the intermediary hears Othello’s name he’s ready to side with Brabantio without any facts presented.

Iambic Pentameter

I rhyme scheme that follows a heart beat pattern, with tens beats per line (Ba-DUm, Ba-Dum…) the first part being stressed and the last being un stressed.

Any shakespeare poem more specifically Othello.

quarto

Folding a piece of paper twice resulting in 4 leaves (used in the 1600s for Othello)

Folio

Folding a piece of paper twice resulting in two leaves.

Metre

The pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables in verse (poets making a beat)

Metrical foot

Metrical foot: A group of 2 or 3 syllables. The basic unit in a poetic rhythm

tetrameter

Line with four metrical feet

trimeter

Lines with three metrical feet

Common meter

Alternating iambic tetrameter and iambic trimeter; used in ballads

Full rhyme

The stressed vowel and all subsequent sounds must be
identical; and (b) the first sound must be different (e.g. “this” / “kiss”

Slant rhyme

words with similar but not identical sounds (e.g. ”seen” /
“nine”

the thought beneath emily dickinson

Dash

A horizontal stroke of varying length used in writing or printing to
mark a pause or break in the sentence in a sentence

Film

(a) literal: A fine covering forming a thin layer or coating on a surface
(b) figurative: An obscuring of vision caused by an emotion or
experience

in emily dickson “i could not stop for death” she refences tool which is a film covering

Surge

(a) Literal: A high rolling swell of water, esp. on the sea
(b) figurative: a powerful and sudden rush of people, wind, water,
etc.; OR emotions, feelings, etc.

Apennine

A mountain range in northern Italy

Analogy

comparison between two or more things for the purpose of
explanation or clarification

In the boat the narraotr compares working on the boat to being thrown into another world

Lyric poetry

expresses the feelings and thoughts of a single
speaker (not necessarily the poet) in a personal and subjective
fashion.

Emily dickinsoj poem “I could not stop for death” The whole carriage riade is showing the narrators experiences and thoughts as they transition to the afterlife

The speaker

The lyrical “i” of the poem, not the poet

The deceased person in “I heard a fly buzz” as they are talking about they’re experience trying to get to the afterlife

Frame story

narrative that frames another story; Indigenous narrator is
also a character in the story, telling the story to Young Coyote

Example: The old coyote telling the young coyote about Columbus arriving as he was actually there

Phatic address

(communication that serves to establish social
relationships rather than communicate specific information, e.g. “you
know,...”)

Slave Narrative

Written records of individual experience with the system of chattel slavery, excluding oral diction, simple day to day accounts

Conventions

chronological account, white writers introductory remarks details before and during captivity, climax with rescue or escape from slavery.

Apostrophe

figure of speech where a thing, a place is addressed as if they are present

Example: Iago telling Roderigo that money is making him look like a fool in

chiasmus

The reversal of grammatical structures in successive phrases or clauses

Franklin Douglas: You have seen how a man was made a slave; you shall see how a slave is made a man.

Pathos

Quality in written work that evokes feelings of sorrow and pity

The boat

Franklin douglass

Black codes

Laws that applied only to black Americans and subjected them to criminal prosecution fro minor offences

Douglass wasnt allowed to read he had to trick kids into teaching him how

Convict leasing

A system whereby prisoners were leased to private buisnesses for profit

Prison industrial complex

The network of governments, institutions, and private interests that profit from the prison system

Modernism

A comprehensive but vague term for artistic. literary, intellectual, and phylosophical movement with origins in the lat 19th century

Emily dickinson poems (precursor)

Allusion

An indirect reference to another work of literature, person, art, event etc in another text

The narrator in the love story of J alfred prufrock reference s the biblical figure John the Baptist

Harlem renaissance

Period of intellectual and cultural resurgence during which african american literature, art and music flourished and influenced mainstream media. Based in Harlem NY

Great Migration

The migration of approximately 6 million african americans from southern states to northen/midwestern states in the 1910s.

Franklin Douglass: and the freedom of american slaves

Short story

Defined by edgar allen poe as a narrative that can be read in one sitting

Bildungstoman

A literature term that refers to fiction that shows the development of a protagonist . Tracing the events that lead from childhood to maturity

Example: Boys and Girls: Alice Monroe. As the narrator grows up a female but realizes that she does not conform to stereotypical gender roles , and would rather work the farm with her father then do things in the house with her mother.

Künstlerroman

A lit term for fiction in which the protagonist is an artist and shows their childhood from youth to maturity.

Specific example of boys and girls

Mise-en-abyme

Representation of a story-within-a-story

Example: The narrator in Boys and Girls telling stories about thier younger slef well recounting the story of their entire childhood to adulthood.

Philosophical crux

Central point of a philosophical work

Epigraph

A short excerpt from a longer text

Example: The love story of J alfred pruforck where the T.S Elliot references Dantes Inferno at the start of the story

Analepsis

An interjected passage that takes the narrative back in time to an earlier point in the narrative or before the story started

The narrator in Soucyant recounting memories of his mothers early dimentia such as the time in the all you can eat buffet when she wandered off and got lost in the employee area. or when she had to stop babysitting as she would give parents the wrong children during pickup.

Intergenerational Memory

Memory remembered by the second generation which not only shapes the first generation but also the second

Diaspora

scattering of population from a common starting point

Adele leaving trinidad

Transnational

Interconnected or moving across borders and between nations

Extranational

Outside or beyond nation

Collective memory

Shared memory of a community

Post memory

how those indirectly affected by genocide, war etc are affected due to their parents memories of it

How the narraotr in Soucyant is affected by the immigration of his mother and father to Cananda escaping Trinidad

Multicultural

Adjective describing a society where mulitple cultural communities live together

An example is Scarborough in Soucyant. As the narrator remembers his childhood, he remembers one of many culutres all coming to canada for new life

Multiculturalism

the strategies and policies adopted to govern or manage the problem s of div eristy within multicultural society

Official multiculteralism

Those policies and programs a government uses to put its theory of multiculturalism into practice

Didactic literature

Work of literature intended to instructor

Euphrates

Mesopotamia, site of earliest
civilizations and Jewish captivity in
Babylon

Congo

World’s deepest river in West and
Central Africa, evokes Africa, its people,
and cradle of humanity

Nile:

World’s longest river, site of Egyptian
civilization and pyramids (archetypal
human monuments

Rheotric

The art of using language for persuasion

Example: Douglass writting his narrative to educate.

Rhetorical figure

the artful arrangement of words to achieve a particular emphasis and effect.