Hydrolysis
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11 Terms
what is hydrolysis?
the opposite of esterification
what happens during acid hydrolysis?
the amine group on the amino acid accepts a proton, becoming positive
why do zwitterions forms?
dipolar ions that have 2 functional groups can act as bases or acids depending on conditions so sometimes they loose or gain a proton to gain a charge
what is the isoelectric point?
the pH when the charge is 0
what makes a zwitterion higher than the isoelectric point?
it has more H+
what makes a zwitterion lower than the isoelectric point?
it has less H+
what is the equation for acid hydrolysis?
ester + water ^(H+)→ carboxylic acid + alcohol
what are the conditions for acid hydrolysis?
excess acid under reflux
what is the equation for alkaline hydrolysis?
ester + NaOH → sodium—oate + alcohol
what are the conditions for alkaline hydrolysis?
reflux with dilute alkali
what are the 2 ways to hydrolyse amides?
heat with acid or sodium hydroxide, which splits at the amine group
Note 
Flashcards (47)