Catalysts for Change Chapter 1 Eighth Edition Ethics for the Information Age

Flashcards about the history of computer and networks.

Information Age

An era characterized by unprecedented access to information due to low-cost computers and high-speed communication networks.

Social-Technological Cycle

Social conditions can lead to the creation and adoption of new information technologies, and adopting these technologies can change social conditions.

Data-Processing System

A system that receives input data, performs calculations, and produces output data.

Punched Cards

Used to store input data, intermediate results, and output in early data-processing systems; also stored programs in sophisticated systems.

Transistor

A semiconductor replacement for the vacuum tube that is faster, cheaper, more reliable, and more energy-efficient.

Integrated Circuit

A semiconductor containing transistors, capacitors, and resistors; smaller, faster, more reliable, and less expensive than the parts it replaced.

Microprocessor

A computer inside a semiconductor chip, invented in 1970 at Intel, which made personal computers practical.

ARPANET

DoD project that enabled message transmission.

Internet

A global network using TCP/IP protocol.

Cloud Computing

Utilization of remote computing resources over the Internet, offering software and infrastructure as a service.

Information Technology

Devices used in the creation, storage, manipulation, exchange, and dissemination of data, including text, sound, and images.