Intro to Anatomy; Lexicon of Biomedical Word

A-

Meaning: No, Not, Without

EX: _vascular- lacking blood vessels.

Ab-

Meaning: Away, From

Example: _duction- the movement of a limb away from the midline of the body.

Acro-

Tip, Extremity

EX: ___mion- bony projection at the highest point of shoulder blade

Af-

Meaning: Toward

EX: __ferent- conveying or transmitting toward a center, especially in reference to nerves.

Ante-

Meaning: Before, in front

EX: ____brachium- forearm, “before the arm” section of arm that comes before the upper arm.

Atrio-

Meaning-Entry Way

EX: _____ventricular- structure involved in electrical conduction and blood flow between atria and ventricles

Bi-

Meaning: Two

EX: __ceps- two headed muscle located in upper arm between shoulder and elbow.

Blasto-

Meaning: Bud, Precursor

EX: Fibro____- cell that contributes to formation of connective tissue, fiber-forming cell

Brachi-

Meaning: Arm

EX: _____um- upper arm, between shoulder and elbow

Cardi-

Meaning: Heart

EX: _____ac- anatomical structures of the heart

Carpo-

Meaning: Wrist

EX: Meta____al- 5 long bones in the palm of hand, between the wrist and fingers

Cauda-

Meaning: Tail

EX: _____ Equina- bundle of spinal nerves at lower end of spinal cord

Chondro-

Meaning: Grain, Cartilage

EX: _______cyte- cartilage cell

Circ-

Meaning: About, around

EX: ____umduction- circular movement of body region

Clast-

Meaning: Break Down, Destroy

EX: Osteo_____- large multinucleated bone cells responsible for breaking down bone tissue.

Clavi-

Meaning: Hammer, Club

EX: _____cle- collarbone

Contra-

Meaning: Opposite

EX: ______lateral- structures located on the opposite side of the body.

Corono-

Meaning: Crown

EX: _____ary- crown-like arrangement of vessels around the heart.

Corti-

Meaning: Bark, Rind

EX: ____ex- outermost layer of an organ

Costa-

Meaning: Rib

EX: Sub_____l- below the ribs

Crani-

Meaning: Helmet

EX: _____um- bones of the skull that form the braincase

Dendro-

Meaning: Tree, Branch

EX: _____itic- something that is tree-like

E-

Meaning: Out

EX: _jaculate- expulsion of semen out of the body

Ef-

Meaning: Out of

EX: __ferent- nerves/neurons that carry signals out of the central nervous system to other parts of the body.

Epi-

Meaning: Upon, Above

EX: ___dermis- outermost layer of the skin, above internal

Fasci-

Meaning: Band, Bundle

EX: _____a- band of connective tissue that provides structure throughout the body, enveloping muscles, organs, nerves, and more

Fibro-

Meaning: Fiber

EX: _____blast- spindle shaped cells found in connective tissue that produce and secrete extracellular matrix components.

Fili-

Meaning: Thread

EX: Myo___ament- thread-like proteins that make up contractile elements of muscle cells.

Gastro-

Meaning: Belly, Stomach

EX: ______intestinal- study of organs that make up the GI tract

Hepato-

Meaning: Liver

EX: ______cyte- polygonal epithelial cell that constitutes the main tissue of the liver.

Infra-

Meaning: Below

EX: _____spinous- thick, triangular muscle below the scapular spine

Inter-

Meaning: Between

EX: _____cellular- existing or functioning inside a cell.

-issimus

Meaning: Most, Greatest

EX: Lat_______- large, flat, triangular muscles that cover the lower and middle back.

Juxta-

Meaning: Next to

EX: _____medullary- something situated or next to the edge of the kidney’s medulla

Lamina-

Meaning: Layer

EX: ______ propria- thin, highly vascular layer of loose connective tissue beneath the epithelium of a mucous membrane

Latero-

Meaning: Side

EX: Bi_____al- structures on both sides of the body

Medi-

Meaning: Middle

EX: ____al- direction toward the midline of the body.

Mento-

Meaning: Chin

EX: _____alis- small cone-shaped muscle found on each side of chin (this term doesn’t have the o in prefix

Meso-

Meaning: In the middle

EX: ___entery- structure in the middle of the intestine; organ that attaches the intestines to abdominal wall. (term doesn’t have o)

Myo

Meaning: Muscle

EX: ___globin- bind and store oxygen within skeletal cardiac muscle cells.

Nephro-

Meaning: Kidney

EX: ______n- structural and functional unit of the kidney

Neuro-

Meaning: Nerve

EX: _____logy- branch of medicine focused on the nervous system

Orbi-

Meaning: Circle

EX: ____t- cavity within the skull that houses the eyeball

Ost-

Meaning: Bone

EX: ___eocyte- mature bone cells that reside within the bone matrix

Osse-

Meaning: Bone

EX: ____ous- composed of bone

Para-

Meaning: Next to

EX: ____thyroid- 4 small, endocrine glands near (next to) the thyroid gland, in the lower neck

Parieto-

Meaning: Wall

EX: ______al- structures that form the walls of body cavities

(term doesn’t have O)

Peri-

Meaning: Around

EX: ____osteum- membrane covering (around) the outer surface of bones

Phragm-

Meaning: Partition

EX: Dia______- “a partition across” or separator between 2 major body cavities.

Post-

Meaning: After

EX: ____synaptic- anything occurring after the post synaptic membrane of a synapse

Pre-

Meaning: Before, In front

EX: ___frontal- region of the brain’s frontal lobe

Pseudo-

Meaning: False

EX: ______stratified- tissue that appears to be arranged in mutiple layers but is actually a single layer of cells.

Pulmo-

Meaning: Lung

EX: _____nary- structures related to the lungs

Quadri-

Meaning: Four

EX: ______ceps- 4 muscles at the front of the thigh

Rami-

Meaning: Branch

EX: ___us- branch of a structure (no I in term

Reno-

Meaning: Kidney

EX: ___al- relating to the kidneys (no O)

Sarco-

Meaning: Flesh

EX: _____plasm- specialized cytoplasm of a muscle cell.

Squamo-

Meaning: Scale, flat

EX: ______us- type of epithelial cell that is flat

Sub-

Meaning: Below

EX: ___cutaneous- deepest layer of the skin, below other layers of the skin

Sulc-

Meaning: Furrow

EX: ____us- groove or furrow on the surface of an organ.

Supra-

Meaning: Above

EX: _____spinous- structure located above the spinous process or above the spine of the scapula

Tri-

Meaning: Three

EX: ___ceps- three-headed muscle on the back of the upper arm

Tunica-

Meaning: Coat

EX: ______ intima- Intermost layer of the wall of an artery or vein.

Vaso-

Meaning: vessel

EX: ___cular- study of blood vessels

Ventro-

Meaning: Belly

EX: ____ral- front or belly side of the body or a structure