respiratory care science final exam

nbrc

national board for respiratory care

aarc

american association for respiratory care

coarc

Commission on Accreditation for Respiratory Care

what year did we change to aarc

1982

in 1865, who was the first scientist to suggest that microorganisms cause diseases

louis pasteur

father of medicine

hippocrates

what type of degree do most rt programs offer

associate’s

what was the name of the first professional organization

inhalation therapy association

who was credited for describing the first law of partial pressure

john dalton

who has developed rt examination, what organization gave our test

national board for respiratory care (nbrc)

how do we determine rt competency, an organization

national board for respiratory care (nbrc)

where are most respiratory therapists employed

hospitals

in 1774 who discovered oxygen

joseph priestly

who was the first to develop the large scale of O2 in 1907

karl von linde

the aarc code of ethics can hold professionals for which of the folowing ethicals

1. actively maintaining and improving one’s competence

2. following sound scientific procedures and ethical principles in research

3. promoting disease prevention and wellness

4. striving to improve the access, efficiency, and cost of the patient

5. respecting and protecting the rights of the patients they treat

laminar flow

fluid moving in discrete cylindrical layers or streamlines

turbulent flow

loss of regular streamlines; fluid molecules form irregular eddy current in chaotic pattern

avogadro’s law

• under standard conditions of temp and pressure, ideal molar volume of any gas = 22.4 L

• 1-g atomic weight of any substance contains exactly the same number of atoms, molecules, or ions

at 0 kelvin

all kinetic activities ceases

capillary action

a phenomenon in which a liquid in a small tube moves upward against gravity

most important thing in oxygen transport

hemoglobin

normal A-a gradient in room air

5-10 ml Hg

hypoxia

a condition where there is an inadequate amount of oxygen in the body's tissues

Without 2,3-DPG

Hb affinity for O2 would be so great that normal O2 unloading would be impossible

normal level of CO2 production in healthy adults

200 ml/min

who discovered x ray

william roentgen

inhalation therapists

oxygen technicians

Early positive-pressure ventilators

Dräger Pulmotor (1911), Spiropulsator (1934), Bennett TV-2P (1948), Morch Piston Ventilator (1952), and Bird Mark 7 (1958)

Synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation (SIMV) first introduced in what year

1975

Positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP) was introduced for use in patients with ARDS in

1967

the designation “respiratory therapist” became standard

in 1974

who introduced the first larynoscope

Chevalier Jackson

Absolute humidity

can be measured by weighing the water vapor extracted from air using a drying agent

Pascal’s principle

the pressure exerted by a liquid depends on both its height (depth) and weight density (weight per unit volume), which is shown in equation form: PL = h × dw

The primary principle underlying most fluidic circuitry is a phenomenon called

wall attachment, or the coanda effect

forms of vaporization

boiling and evaporation

What defines the difference in pressure required to produce a given flow, under conditions of laminar flow through a smooth tube of fixed size?

Pouiselles Law

dissolved o2 in plasma

PO2 (mm Hg) × 0.003

Increased 2,3-DPG concentrations

shift the HbO2 curve to the right, promoting O2 unloading

The affinity of Hb for CO is more than _____________ times greater than it is for O2

200

standard precautions

all blood, body fluids, secretions, and excretions (with the exception of sweat) may contain transmissible infectious agents

van der Waals forces

Solids maintain their shape because their atoms are kept in place by

strong mutual attractive forces

A-a gradient

PAO2 = FiO2 (Pb - 47) - (PaCo2 / 0.8)

when water vapor content is equal to its capacity

the relative humidity is equivalent to 100%