Studied by 6 peopleRadial Symmetry
Body plan of an organism that can be divided along any plane, through a central axis, into roughly equal halves
Pentaradial symmetry
Body plan of an organism that can be divided into 5 equal parts
Bilateral symmetry
Body plan of an organism that can be divided down its length into right and left halves that form mirror images
Ostia
minuscule pores present on the body walls of sponges; water also goes through them
Hermaphrodites
Individuals who possess both male and female reproductive organs
Choanocytes
These are specialized cells found in sponges that help in creating water currents for filter feeding; collar cells; also has a flagella
Rhopalia
nervous tissue around margin of float
Statocysts
structures that assist in balance in jellyfish
Ocelli
eyespots in Cnidarians; phototrophic meaning they detect and go towards light
Gastrovascular Cavity
where digestion takes place in a cnidarian;
Spicules
skeletal support of CaCO3 in a sponge
Osculum
large opening on top of sponge where water exits
Amoebocytes
digest food, move betwen 2 cell layer to take nutrients, produces gametes
Velum
underide of float surrounding mouth
Polyp
body form of a Hydra
Medusa
umbrella-shaped body form of a Cnidarian
Cnidocytes
stinging cells containing cnidocil
Cnidocil
trigger which release toxin to paralyze prey
Nematocysts
These are specialized cells found in the tentacles of cnidarians, such as jellyfish and sea anemones. They contain venomous threads used for defense and capturing prey.
Excretion
They diffuse the air into themselves, and other existing materials diffuse out
Gemmule
asxeual bud on a sponge
Cephalization
concentration of nervous tissue at the anterior region of the body (if have a brain or a head) Cnidarians have neither
Sessile
attached at a base that remains until physically moved
Coelenterate
old name for Phylum Cnidera
Examples of Mutalism
Crabs & Sponges, Amoeba & Clownfish, coral polyps & green algae
Length of Great Barrier Reef
1250 miles
Area of Great Barrier Reef
80,000 miles sq.
North Eastern coast of Australia
Where is the Great Barrier Reef
skeletal deposits from previous generations
What makes up the Great Barrier Reef?
Physalia physalis
Another name for Portuguese-Man-Of-War
Colloblast
2 tentacles reaching for food
Loggerhead Turtles
What animal consumes the Portuguese-Man-Of-War
4 cells in Portuguese-Man-Of-War
Pneumatophore, Dactylazoids, Gastrazoids, Gonozoids
Pneumatophore
the float in the Portuguese-Man-Of-War
Dactylazoids
stinging cells on the tentacles of the Portuguese-Man-Of-War
Gastrazoids
feeding polyps on the Portuguese-Man-Of-War
Gonozoids
job is reproduction in the Portuguese-Man-Of-War
Ctenophores
“comb jellies” that move by Ctenes
Ctenes
tiny cillia that has 8 rows on the jellyfish that move to make the jellyfish swim; bioluminescent
Nomeus
in a mutualistic relationship with Portuguese-Man-Of-War; it lures prey towards the Portuguese-Man-Of-War’s tentacles0
Grantia
type of sponge
Hydra
Organism with multiple heads and tentacles, found in freshwater and marine environments; Capable of regenerating lost body parts
Sea Nettles
true jellyfish, has a painful but not deadly sting
Sea Anemone
have mutualistic relationship with clownfish; stings predators that touch it
Coral Polyps
built the Great Barrier Reefs; grows by making new coral onto dead skeletal coral
Sea Wasp
in the box jellyfish family;
Irukandji
most dangerous/deadly invertabrate; in the box jellyfish family
Chalk White
What is the color of dead sea coral?
How sponges respire
Water goes through the Ostia, and the oxygen is diffused to a lower concentration
How sponges excrete
They diffuse the air into themselves, and other existing materials diffuse out
Asexually and Sexually
How do sponges reproduce?
How sponges receive/digest food
Water and other materials enter through the ostia
Phylum Cnidera
old name was Coelenterate; 3 cell layers, small amount of nervous tissue, mouth is only opening, 2 body plans (Medusa & Polyp)
Phylum Porifera
Sponges, 2 tissues, no nervous tissue, evolutionary dead end, hermphrodites
Anthozoa, Scyphozoa, Hydrazoa
What are the 3 classes of Phylum Cnidera
Class Hydrazoa
Ex: Hydra. Portuguese-Man-Of-War, both Polyp and Medusa
Class Anthozoa
Coral & Sea Anemones, Polyps only
Class Scyphozoa
true jellyfish, medusa only
Fringing Reefs
close to shore (2-20 miles) grows by continuously forming over dead coral
Atoll
completely surrounds an island, leaving a lagoon, grows by continuously forming over dead coral
Barrier Reefs
farther from shore (20-200 miles from land). grows by continuously forming over dead coral
Planula
What is the larval form of all cnidarians called?
Diana Nyad
Who swam from Cuba to Florida?
Note 
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