Thẻ ghi nhớ: Civil War & Reconstruction | Quizlet

Abraham Lincoln

President of the Union during the Civil War

Jefferson Davis

President of the Confederacy during the Civil War

Union Advantages

More factories to manufacture war supplies

More railways to transport soldiers and supplies

Larger population (more soldiers)

Confederate Advantages

More experienced generals

"Home-field" advantage

Motivation to protect way of life

Fort Sumter

This Union fort was attacked by the Confederacy, signaling the first shots of the Civil War

Suspension of Habeas Corpus

One of the earliest uses of emergency presidential powers, Done in order to protect the war effort & preserve the union, this allowed Lincoln to hold Confederate sympathesizers in the border states in jail for the duration of the war; it was one of the earliest uses of emergency power

Border States

Name given to the slave states that chose to remain in the Union; these states forced Lincoln to take a cautious approach to emancipation during the war

Battle of Antietam

Although it was the bloodiest one-day battle of the war, Lincoln considered this battle enough of a Union victory to issue the Emancipation Proclamation

Emancipation Proclamation

Issued by Lincoln, this freed slaves ONLY in the CONFEDERACY, because if he had freed slaves everywhere he would have angered the slave owners living in the Union border states. It did NOT END SLAVERY!

Gettysburg Address

Intended to memorialize the many soldiers who had died there; this speech emphasized Lincoln's dedication to preserving the Union

Vicksburg

In this battle, the Union took control of the Mississippi River, succeeding in splitting the Confederacy in two

William T. Sherman

This Union general was known for his fierce total war style approach and his destructive March to the Sea through Georgia

Reconstruction

The refers to the political process of readmitting the former Confederate states to the Union

Presidential Reconstruction

Andrew Johnson

Lincoln's Vice President who took over as president after Lincoln's assassination; as a southern democrat, he supported Lincoln's lenient Reconstruction plan, which put him at odds with the Republican Congress

Radical Republicans

They thought Lincoln's plan wasn't harsh enough and didn't go far enough to protect the rights of newly freed slaves

Radical/Congressional Reconstruction

Took a harsh/punitive approach to the South by: requiring states to approve the 13th, 14th and 15th amendments & by placing federal troops in military districts throughout the South to enforce them

13th Amendment

this officially ended slavery

14th Amendment

this extended citizenship rights, including equal protection of the law, to African Americans

15th Amendment

this granted voting rights to African Americans

Veto

Johnson's response to the Reconstruction laws and amendments passed by the Radical Republicans

Impeachment

How the Radical Republicans tried to deal with Andrew Johnson when he kept vetoing their Reconstruction laws and amendments

Freedmens Bureau

Organization established during Reconstruction to help African Americans transition to a life of freedom- find food, clothing, jobs, education, land, etc.

Black Codes

Created by southern governments during Reconstruction to maintain white supremacy and control over African Americans despite the 13th, 14th and 15th amendments

Compromise of 1877

In the tied election of 1876, Republican candidate Rutherford B. Hayes promised to pull federal troops out of the South and end Reconstruction IF the House of Representatives gave him the presidency

Lincoln's #1 Goal

preserving the Union

Ulysses S. Grant

Commander of all the Union forces

Robert E. Lee

Commander of the Confederate forces

Emergency Powers

given to a president during times of national crisis or war, Lincoln used this power to supsend the right of habeas corpus in order to silence opposition to the Union war effort