HSCI 1105 Quiz 4

Results of Vitamin A deficiency

xeropthalmia (permanent blindness)

food sources of beta carotene

beta-carotenoids in yellow, orange, red, and green vegetables and fruits

Results of Vitamin D deficiency

rickets (curved legs), osteomalacia, osteoporosis(adult rickets)

Vitamin D function

like a hormone/regulates calcium levels

Vitamin D food sources

fortified foods and fatty fish

major role of vitamin K

blood clotting (coagulation)

Vitamin K food sources

dark leafy greens

how is vitamin K synthesized?

Produced in the intestine by bacteria

which fat soluble vitamin is also considered a hormone?

vit D

which vitamins are considered antioxidants?

A (beta caratones), C, E

which vitamins are the most toxic?

Vitamins A and D

Vitamin A toxicity symptoms

liver damage and birth defects

Vitamin D toxicity symptoms

elevated blood calcium, calcification of soft tissues

how are fat soluble vitamins absorbed?

Absorbed in small intestinal cells with fat

what vitamins are added back to refined grains during the enrichment process?

Thiamin, Niacin, Riboflavin and Folic Acid

main function of ALL of the B vitamins in the body

act as coenzymes in energy yielding metabolic pathways

what compound in the stomach is required for vitamin B12 absorption?

intrinsic factor (made in the stomach) and HCL

Where is B12 found?

only in animal products

which vitamin is necessary to prevent neural tube defects in the form of Spina Bifida?

folate

name of vitamin deficiency of thiamin

Beriberi

which vitamin has shown to have positive effects on blood lipid levels when give in higher amounts than the recommended amount?

Niacin (Viamin B3)

Sources of Niacin (B3)

Can be synthesized in the body from the amino acid tryptophan/Mushrooms, Enriched grains , Beef, chicken, turkey, fish

How is niacin converted in the body?

60mg tryptophan can be converted into 1 mg niacin

which two vitamin deficiencies can cause megaloblastic anemia?

b12 and folate

Niacin deficiency

pellagra: dermatitis, diarrhea, dementia, death

primary role of vitamin C

Collagen synthesis

name of deficiency disease for Vit C

scurvy

How are excess water soluble vitamins are excreted?

thru the kidneys

Do body builders and endurance athletes have higher protein needs?

yes

Are drinks that contain glucose helpful for people who exercise more than an hour a day?

yes

what is the purpose of Carbohydrate loading?

maximize glycogen stores to delay fatigue

side effects of anabolic steroids

Breast development in men, Liver cancer, Severe acne

commonly used ergogenic aids

creatine, caffeine, anabolic steroids

What is RED-S or Female Athlete triad

disordered eating, amenorrhea, osteoporosis

Post exercise diet

replenish fluids, carbs and proteins with a snackwithin 30 minute

fast twitch fibers

white/anaerobic/ used in explosive actions

slow twitch fibers

red/aerobic / used for endurance