Metal Aqua Ions, Period 3 Oxides, and Ligand Substitution Reactions Flashcards

Flashcards about metal aqua ions, their reactions with NaOH, Na2CO3, and NH3, the acid-base character of metal hydroxide precipitates, reactions of Period 3 oxides, and ligand substitution reactions.

Reaction of [Fe(H2O)6]2+ with NaOH(aq)

Green solution turns into a green precipitate: [Fe(H2O)6]2+ + 2OH- -> [Fe(H2O)4(OH)2] + 2H2O. With XS OH-, no visible reaction.

Reaction of [Fe(H2O)6]2+ with Na2CO3(aq)

Green solution turns into a green precipitate: [Fe(H2O)6]2+ + CO32- -> FeCO3 + 6H2O

Reaction of [Cu(H2O)6]2+ with NaOH(aq)

Blue solution turns into a blue precipitate: [Cu(H2O)6]2+ + 2OH- -> [Cu(H2O)4(OH)2] + 2H2O. With XS OH-, no visible reaction.

Reaction of [Cu(H2O)6]2+ with Na2CO3(aq)

Blue solution turns into a blue-green precipitate: [Cu(H2O)6]2+ + CO32- -> CuCO3 + 6H2O

Reaction of [Fe(H2O)6]3+ with NaOH(aq)

Orange solution turns into a brown precipitate: [Fe(H2O)6]3+ + 3OH- -> [Fe(H2O)3(OH)3] + 3H2O. With XS OH-, no visible reaction.

Reaction of [Fe(H2O)6]3+ with Na2CO3(aq)

Orange solution turns into a brown precipitate and gentle bubbles (colorless solution): 2[Fe(H2O)6]3+ + 3CO32- -> 2[Fe(H2O)3(OH)3] + 3H2O + 3CO2

Reaction of [Al(H2O)6]3+ with NaOH(aq)

Colorless solution turns into a white precipitate: [Al(H2O)6]3+ + 3OH- -> [Al(H2O)3(OH)3] + 3H2O. With XS OH-, [Al(H2O)3(OH)3] + OH- -> [Al(H2O)2(OH)4]- + H2O

Reaction of [Al(H2O)6]3+ with Na2CO3(aq)

Colorless solution turns into a white precipitate and gentle bubbles: 2[Al(H2O)6]3+ + 3CO32- -> 2[Al(H2O)3(OH)3] + 3H2O + 3CO2

Reaction of [Fe(H2O)6]2+ with NH3(aq)

Green solution turns into a green precipitate: [Fe(H2O)6]2+ + 2NH3 -> [Fe(H2O)4(OH)2] + 2NH4+. With XS NH3, no visible reaction.

Reaction of [Cu(H2O)6]2+ with NH3(aq)

Blue solution turns into a blue precipitate: [Cu(H2O)6]2+ + 2NH3 -> [Cu(H2O)4(OH)2] + 2NH4+. With XS NH3: [Cu(H2O)4(OH)2] + 4NH3 -> [Cu(H2O)2(NH3)4]2+ + 2H2O + 2OH-

Reaction of [Fe(H2O)6]3+ with NH3(aq)

Orange solution turns into a brown precipitate: [Fe(H2O)6]3+ + 3NH3 -> [Fe(H2O)3(OH)3] + 3NH4+. With XS NH3, no visible reaction.

Reaction of [Al(H2O)6]3+ with NH3(aq)

Colorless solution turns into a white precipitate: [Al(H2O)6]3+ + 3NH3 -> [Al(H2O)3(OH)3] + 3NH4+. With XS NH3, no visible reaction.

Reaction of Metal Hydroxide Precipitates with Excess Acid

Green precipitate -> green solution: [Fe(H2O)4(OH)2] + 2H+ -> [Fe(H2O)6]2+. Blue precipitate -> blue solution: [Cu(H2O)4(OH)2] + 2H+ -> [Cu(H2O)6]2+. Brown precipitate -> violet solution: [Fe(H2O)3(OH)3] + 3H+ -> [Fe(H2O)6]3+. White precipitate -> colorless solution: [Al(H2O)3(OH)3] + 3H+ -> [Al(H2O)6]3+

Reaction of [Al(H2O)3(OH)3] with Excess Alkali

White precipitate -> colorless solution: [Al(H2O)3(OH)3] + OH- -> [Al(H2O)2(OH)4]-

Reaction of [Fe(H2O)6]2+ with Excess NH3

Green solution turns into a green precipitate: [Fe(H2O)6]2+ + 2NH3 -> [Fe(H2O)4(OH)2] + 2NH4+

Reaction of [Cu(H2O)6]2+ with Excess NH3

Blue solution turns into a deep blue solution: [Cu(H2O)6]2+ + 4NH3 -> [Cu(H2O)2(NH3)4]2+ + 4H2O

Reaction of [Fe(H2O)6]3+ with Excess NH3

Orange solution turns into a brown precipitate: [Fe(H2O)6]3+ + 3NH3 -> [Fe(H2O)3(OH)3] + 3NH4+

Reaction of [Al(H2O)6]3+ with Excess NH3

Colorless solution turns into a white precipitate: [Al(H2O)6]3+ + 3NH3 -> [Al(H2O)3(OH)3] + 3NH4+

Reaction of [Fe(H2O)6]2+ with Excess Cl-

Green solution turns into a yellow solution: [Fe(H2O)6]2+ + 4Cl- -> [FeCl4]2- + 6H2O

Reaction of [Cu(H2O)6]2+ with Excess Cl-

Blue solution turns into a yellow solution: [Cu(H2O)6]2+ + 4Cl- -> [CuCl4]2- + 6H2O

Reaction of [Fe(H2O)6]3+ with Excess Cl-

Orange solution turns into a yellow solution: [Fe(H2O)6]3+ + 4Cl- -> [FeCl4]- + 6H2O

Reaction of [Al(H2O)6]3+ with Excess Cl-

Colorless solution remains a colorless solution: [Al(H2O)6]3+ + 4Cl- -> [AlCl4]- + 6H2O

Reaction: Magnesium oxide + sulfuric acid

MgO + H2SO4 -> MgSO4 + H2O

Reaction: Sulfur trioxide + sodium hydroxide

SO3 + 2NaOH -> Na2SO4 + H2O

Reaction: Sodium oxide + water

Na2O + H2O -> 2NaOH

Reaction: Sodium oxide + nitric acid

Na2O + 2HNO3 -> 2NaNO3 + H2O

Reaction: Phosphorus oxide + sodium hydroxide

P4O10 + 12NaOH -> 4Na3PO4 + 6H2O

Reaction: Sulfur dioxide + potassium hydroxide

SO2 + 2KOH -> K2SO3 + H2O

Reaction: Aluminium oxide + nitric acid

Al2O3 + 6HNO3 -> 2Al(NO3)3 + 3H2O

Reaction: Phosphorus oxide + water

P4O10 + 6H2O -> 4H3PO4

Reaction: Silicon dioxide + sodium hydroxide

SiO2 + 2NaOH -> Na2SiO3 + H2O

Reaction: Aluminium oxide + sodium hydroxide

Al2O3 + 2NaOH + 3H2O -> 2NaAl(H2O)2(OH)4

Reaction: Sulfur dioxide + sodium oxide

SO2 + Na2O -> Na2SO3

Reaction: Magnesium oxide + phosphorus oxide

6MgO + P4O10 -> 2Mg3(PO4)2