GTA Revision

Exploitation

(Context) The action or fact of treating someone/something unfairly in order to benefit from their work.

Green Washing

(Context) The process of conveying a false impression or misleading information about how a company's products are environmentally sound.

Rainbow Washing

(Context) The strategy of deploying messages that are superficially sympathetic towards the LGBTQ community for ends having little or nothing to do with LGBTQ equality or inclusion.

Austerity Measures

(Context) Characterises severity or sternness and describes economic measures implemented by a government to reduce public-sector debt.

Oversaturation of the job market

(Context) When there are more people than available jobs for them.

Privacy issues

(Context) The protection of personal and sensitive data from unauthorized access.

Surveillance Capitalism

(Context) A concept in political economics which denotes the widespread collection and commodification of personal data by corporations.

Opinion piece

(Style) An article in which the writer expresses their personal opinion.

Public safety announcements

(Style) A message in the public interest disseminated by the media without charge to raise public awareness and change behaviour.

Journal article

(Style) One article from a collection of articles (like a magazine) that is published regularly throughout the year.

Editorials

(Style) A newspaper article expressing the editor's opinion on a topical issue.

Persuasive

(Style) Non-fiction writing that aims to convince the reader of a certain point of view.

Discursive

(Style) Focus is to explore an idea or variety of topics.

Didactic

(Style) Intended to teach.

Informative

(Style) Providing useful or interesting information.

Analytical

(Style) Relating to or using analysis or logical reasoning.

Comparative

(Style) A rhetorical pattern that compares two or more texts and explains both the differences and similarities between them.

Epistolary

(Style) A form of writing in which the story is told through letters or other related formats such as a character's diary.

Rule of Thirds

(Structural) A rule of thumb for composing visual images.

Headings

(Structural) A title at the head of a page or section of a book.

Subheadings

(Structural) A heading given to a subsection of a piece of writing.

Layout

(Structural) The way in which the parts of something are arranged or laid out.

Back/foreground

(Structural) Element of the photo furthest/closest to the viewer.

Banner

(Structural) A horizontal or vertical strip or area that is prominently displayed on a website or app to convey a message or promote a specific content or action.

Formatting

(Structural) The way in which the text is structured.

Hypertext/Hyperlinks

(Structural) Text which contains links to other texts.

Focal point

(Visual Device)The location within a design that attracts the most attention; the centre of interest.

Pictograms

(Visual Device) A pictorial symbol or sign representing an object or concept.

Object symbolism

(Visual Device) When objects suggests/represents certain ideas or concepts.

Vector Lines

(Visual Device) Real or imaginary lines that direct your eye from one place to another.

Demand/Offer Gaze

(Visual Device) The characters eyes making direct contact with the eyes of the audience (demanding something of the viewer)/ looking away from the viewer and not making eye contact (offering the viewer to look).

Facial expression

(Visual Device) The emotions and meanings conveyed through the characters face.

Mise en scene

(Visual Device) The arrangement of the scenery.

Mise en abyme

(Visua Device) Placing a copy of an image within itself.

Juxtaposition

(Written Device) The fact of two things being seen or placed close together with contrasting effect.

Objective Correlative

(Written Device) The artistic and literary technique of representing or evoking a particular emotion by means of symbols which become indicative of that emotion and are associated with it.

Composite Image

(Visual Device) Made up of two or more photographs.

Allusion

(Written Device) References to other images/visual media.

Metonymy

(Written Device) A symbolic image that is used to make reference to something with a more literal meaning e.g. The kitchen is busy.

Synecdoche

(Written Device) The use of a part to represent the whole.

Tricolon

(Written Device) Sentence of three parts of equal importance and length.

Colloquialism

(Written Device) Informal words or expressions not usually acceptable in formal writing.

Jargon

(Written Device) Special words or expressions that are used by a particular profession or group and are difficult for others to understand.

Vox Populi

(Written Device) Voice of the people

Diction

(Written Device) The choice and use of words and phrases in speech or writing.

Rhetorical Question

(Written Device) A question asked merely for rhetorical effect and not requiring an answer.

Hypophora

(Written Device) Raising a question then proceeding to answer it.

Imperative

(Written Device) A sentence that expresses a direct command.

Quotes

(Written Device) Repeat or copy out (a group of words from a text or speech).

Modality

(Written Device) About a speaker's or a writer's attitude towards the world.

Intertextuality

(Written Device) The phenomenon of one text referencing other texts.

Hyperbole

(Written Device) Exaggerated statements or claims not meant to be taken literally.

Anecdote

(Written Device) A short and amusing or interesting story about a real incident or person.

Anaphora

(Written Device) The repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive clauses.

Anthropomorphism

(Written Device) The attribution of human characteristics to animals or inanimate objects - something nonhuman behaving like a human.

Personification

(Written Device) Figure of speech in which an object or animal is given human feelings.

Irony

(Written Device) The use of words to convey a meaning that is the opposite of its literal meaning.

Oxymoron

(Written Device) A figure of speech in which apparently contradictory terms appear in conjunction.

Assonance

(Written Device) Repetition of a vowel sound within two or more words in close proximity.

Archaism

(Written Device) The use of deliberately old-fashioned language.

Epithet

(Written Device) An adjective or phrase expressing a quality or attribute regarded as characteristic of the person or thing mentioned.

Euphemism

(Written Device) A mild or indirect word or expression substituted for one considered to be too harsh or blunt when referring to something unpleasant.

Antithesis

(Written Device) The direct opposite.

Paradox

(Written Device) A statement or proposition that seems self-contradictory or absurd but in reality expresses a possible truth.

Satire

Horatian - “loving” mockery. Pointing out flaws in a non abrasive manner.

Juvenalian - Most aggressive (attacks specific person)

Menippean - Criticises ideas and mindsets.

Bathos (Levity)

(Written Device) To sharply alter a serious situation into a ridiculous or comically anti-climactic one.

Pathos

(Written Device) Emotional appeal.

Bifurcation

(Written Device) the division of something into two branches or parts.

Aphaeresis

(Written Device) omission of the initial sound of a word.

Pathetic Fallacy

(Written Device) The attribution of human emotions or characteristics to inanimate objects or to nature; for example angry clouds; a cruel wind.

Zoomorphism

(Written Device) Applying animal characteristics to humans or gods.

Deracination

(Written Device) To remove or separate from a native environment or culture.

Pejorative

(Written Device) Having a negative effect; insulting.

Reification

(Written Device) The act of treating an abstract concept, idea, or relationship as if it were a concrete, tangible entity or a physical thing.

Truncated sentences

(Written Device) Incomplete/shortened sentences used to increase tension or urgency.

Lexical Richness

(Written Device) how varied are the words in any given passage.

Register/Tone

(Written Device) the mood implied by an author's word choice and the way that the text can make a reader feel.

Antenantiosis

(Written Device) a figure of speech and form of irony in which understatement is used to emphasize a point by stating a negative to further affirm a positive.

Neoliberalism

(Context) reduced state influence on the economy - prioritises making a profit.

Global Capitalism

(Context) a country's trade and industry is controlled by private owners for profit.

Socialism

(Context) believing that sharing ownership of the means of production equally among society will improve peoples quality of life.

Virtue signalling

(Purpose) a pejorative term for an attempt to show one's good character.

Absolve blame

(Purpose) to free someone from guilt.

Fictocriticism

(Style) a postmodern, hybrid writing practice that blurs the lines between fiction and academic, theoretical, or critical writing, often using narrative and literary techniques for critical analysis

Aliteracy

The state of being able to read but lacking interest in doing so.

Intellectual superiority and cultural relativity

Thinking that what your culture values as knowledge is universally valued and superior to all knowledge.

Post-modernist aesthetic

Focused on individual happiness. Focus on neoliberal values.

Ideological Paradigms

Comprehensive systems of ideas and beliefs that shape a group's understanding of reality and guide their actions e.g. conservatism and liberalism.

Commodification of Neoliberal Values

The process by which something without an economic value gains economic value that can replace other social values.

Aristotelian Rhetorical Proofs

(Literary devices) Logos (logic), Pathos (emotion), and Ethos (credibility).

Apollonian and Dionysian Binary

(Micro technique) The contrast between two opposing elements, where Apollonian represents reason, order, and control, and Dionysian represents chaos, emotion, and instinct.

Typography

(Visual Device) The technique of arranging type to make written language legible, readable and appealing when displayed.

Textual embellishment

(Written Device) The act of adding decorations or enhancements to text.

Derogatory language

(Written device) Expressing a low opinion/ showing a lack of of respect for someone or something.

Absurdist

(Written device) focuses on the experiences of characters in a situation where they cannot find any inherent purpose in life.

Moral dualism

(Written Device) the belief that the world is the arena for an ongoing battle for control between divine forces of good and evil.

Critical realism

(Written Device) the philosophical view that a reality exists independently of human knowledge, but our understanding of this reality is always partial and subjective.

Conspicuous Consumption

(Context) The practice of buying and using goods of a higher quality, price, or in greater quantity than practical.

Conspicuous Production

(Context) The public display of productivity as a symbol of class power.

Hyperconsumerism

(Context) The excessive consumption of goods beyond necessities, driven by social media, peer pressure, and the desire for identity.