Lesson 3.1 BASIC STRUCTURES & DEFINITIONS

10 minute review then come back for active recall

"Pore-bearer" - common name is Sponges

What does "Porifera" mean?

Oldest animal group, simplest multicellular animals, no tissues or organs, mostly marine

What are the basic characteristics of Porifera?

Small pores where water ENTERS the sponge

What are Ostia?

Large opening at TOP where water EXITS the sponge

What is the Osculum?

Central cavity inside the sponge body

What is the Spongocoel?

Flagellated cells that line the spongocoel, beat flagella to move water, capture food particles

What are Choanocytes (Collar cells) and what do they do?

Cells that transport nutrients, digest food, make spicules, repair tissue, and can become gametes

What are Amoebocytes and what do they do?

Skeletal support structures made of calcium carbonate (calcareous) OR silica (siliceous)

What are Spicules?

Protein fibers that provide skeletal support

What is Spongin?

Gelatinous layer between inner and outer layers of sponge, houses amoebocytes

What is the Mesohyl?

Outer protective layer of the sponge (also called Epidermis)

What is the Pinacoderm?

Cells that form pores and regulate water flow into the sponge

What are Porocytes?

Water enters through OSTIA → flows through canals → CHOANOCYTES filter food → water exits through OSCULUM

Describe the water flow system in sponges

Sessile (attached, don't move as adults)

What is the mobility of adult sponges?