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Nucleotide Base Analogs
-a chemical with a similar structure to DNA
-incorporates into DNA during replication and induce point mutation
Deaminating Agents
-removes amino groups
-can stimulate a C-G pair to become T-A
Alkylating Agents
-add methyl or ethyl groups to nucleotide bases, causing distortion in DNA helix, leading to mutations
Oxidizing Agents
-oxidizes nucleotide base, usually resulting in a transversion mutation
Hydroxylating Agents
-add hydroxyl groups to a nucleotide base, usually resulting in a modified cytosine pairing with A
Intercalating Agents
-molecules that fit between DNA bp’s, distorting the DNA duplex, leading to lesions that may result in frameshift mutations
