College Prep Midterm Review Fall

Prewriting

First step in the writing process; the writer generates ideas

drafting

2nd stage of the writing process- getting ideas down on paper in some order.

revising

3rd stage of the writing process- refining/changing ideas or concepts in the text.

editing

The process of updating a document to make changes, correct errors, and make it visually appealing

presenting

The results of the Creating Process, including performance and evaluation

gather

to collect

focus

to concentrate

organize

arrange or put in order

develop

Elaborate or expand

clarify

to make clear or easier to understand

audience

the listener, viewer, or reader of a text

purpose

the goal the speaker wants to achieve

stance

a way of holding the body

context

Words, events, or circumstances that help determine meaning.

medium

an agency or means of doing something.

design

Produce a plan, simulation or model.

Introduction Paragraph

The first paragraph in a essay it includes a thesis statement

body

the paragraphs that make up the main message

conclusion

the end or finish of an event or process.

naming

creating linguistic symbols to represent people, objects, places, and ideas

detailing

details in describing something

comparing

looking at how things are alike or different

spatial order

a method of speech organization in which the main points follow a directional pattern

Order of Impression

to focus on how you notice details

concrete

existing in a material or physical form; real or solid; not abstract.

specific

clearly defined or identified

imagery

Description that appeals to the senses (sight, sound, smell, touch, taste)

visual

having to do with sight or seeing

auditory

Having to do with the sense of hearing

gustatory

relating to the sense of taste

olfactory

relating to the sense of smell

tactile

relating to the sense of touch

kinetic

relating to motion

chronological order

a method of speech organization in which the main points follow a time pattern

setting

The time and place of a story

point of view

the perspective from which a story is told

significance

importance

narrative arc

the shape that a story takes as it moves from its beginning to its end

exposition

a comprehensive description and explanation of an idea or theory.

narrative hook

the part of the story that catches the reader's attention

rising action

Events leading up to the climax

climax

Most exciting moment of the story; turning point

resolution

End of the story where loose ends are tied up

thesis

a statement or theory that is put forward as a premise to be maintained or proved.

forecasting statement

The last part of the introduction that tells the audience the breakdown and organization of the thesis and or the speech in advance

subordinate clause

a clause, typically introduced by a conjunction, that forms part of and is dependent on a main clause

authority

A reliable, respected source—someone with knowledge.

credibility

A reliable, respected source—someone with knowledge.

trustworthy

able to be relied on as honest or truthful.

tone

Attitude a writer takes toward the audience, a subject, or a character

Ethos (ethical appeal)

using morals and the feelings of right/wrong to sway someone's opinion

Logos (logical appeal)

using sound reasoning or what makes sense to sway someone's opinion

Pathos (emotional appeal)

using strong feelings of sympathy, anger, happiness, etc. to sway someone's opinion

analyze

to look at something carefully by attention to its parts

definition

A statement that gives the meaning of a term.

examples

A simple, representative incident or model that clarifies a point

cause

The reason why something happens

effect

a result or consequence

IMRAD

Introduction
Methods
Results
Discussion

APA format

accepted American Psychological Association form for preparing reports describing psychological research

MLA format

Modern Language Association rules for creating research papers

genus-differentia definition

an existing definition that serves as a portion of the new definition

stipulative definition

When a new word is invented or an existing word is applied in a new way.

generating ideas

The first step in new product development

Brainstorming

the process of getting a group to think of unlimited ways to vary a product or solve a problem

transitions

words or phrases used to connect ideas together

visual rhetoric

The use of images as an integrated element in the total communication effort a speaker makes to achieve the speaking goal

HATS

Headings, Art, Typography, Spacing

Headings

The identifying letters and numbers for columns and rows. Columns are identified with letters, rows with numbers.

access

a means to obtain entry or a means of approach

space

refers to the physical gap

typography

The style and appearance of printed matter.

font

the size, style, and design of text

San Serif

Typeface that does not have the small projecting features called "serifs" at the end of strokes

Serif

A font that has small lines at the beginning and end of characters and that is usually used with large amounts of text.

Hierchary

a system or organization in which people or groups are ranked one above the other according to status or authority.

graphics

drawings, pictures, or other illustrations inserted in a document to either explain data or enhance the appearance of text on a page

Rhetorical Analysis

focuses on a written, visual ,audio text or one that combines words, images, sounds, etc

discourse analysis

focuses on any spoken or written language

Process Analysis

A method of paragraph or essay development by which a writer explains step by step how something is done or how to do something.

Casual Analysis

questions about why something occurred or once occurred

Data Analysis

focuses of compiling, analyzing, and interpreting the results of primary and secondary data collection.

Visual Analysis

a set of techniques used to analyze images

Quantitative data

numerical data

Qualitative data

Data describes the quality or appearance

insight

a sudden and often novel realization of the solution to a problem

message

whatever a speaker communicates to someone else

precise language

strong and carefully chosen words

claim

An assertion, usually supported by evidence

evidence

Collected body of data from observations and experiments

reason

Clear and ordered thinking

visuals

all of the picture elements that are placed into an advertisement

white space

A space between pages in a document.

Multimodal Writing

the use of different modes such as written, oral, non-verbal, and visual to communicate and persuade

Illustrated essay

a rhetorical style that uses examples to support the thesis or main idea of a paragraph or essay.

blog

A series, or log, of discussion items on a page of the World Wide Web

wikis

A website that allows the easy creation and editing of any number of interlinked web pages, using a simplified markup language or a What You See Is What You Get (WYSIWYG) text editor, within the browser.

Audio essays

an essay designed to be heard as a voice recording rather than read silently as text.

video essays

a video that analyzes a specific topic, theme, person or thesis

posters

signs that impart product information or other news of interest to consumers, or that are aimed at employee behavior, such as safety, courtesy, or waste reduction.