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Prewriting
First step in the writing process; the writer generates ideas
drafting
2nd stage of the writing process- getting ideas down on paper in some order.
revising
3rd stage of the writing process- refining/changing ideas or concepts in the text.
editing
The process of updating a document to make changes, correct errors, and make it visually appealing
presenting
The results of the Creating Process, including performance and evaluation
gather
to collect
focus
to concentrate
organize
arrange or put in order
develop
Elaborate or expand
clarify
to make clear or easier to understand
audience
the listener, viewer, or reader of a text
purpose
the goal the speaker wants to achieve
stance
a way of holding the body
context
Words, events, or circumstances that help determine meaning.
medium
an agency or means of doing something.
design
Produce a plan, simulation or model.
Introduction Paragraph
The first paragraph in a essay it includes a thesis statement
body
the paragraphs that make up the main message
conclusion
the end or finish of an event or process.
naming
creating linguistic symbols to represent people, objects, places, and ideas
detailing
details in describing something
comparing
looking at how things are alike or different
spatial order
a method of speech organization in which the main points follow a directional pattern
Order of Impression
to focus on how you notice details
concrete
existing in a material or physical form; real or solid; not abstract.
specific
clearly defined or identified
imagery
Description that appeals to the senses (sight, sound, smell, touch, taste)
visual
having to do with sight or seeing
auditory
Having to do with the sense of hearing
gustatory
relating to the sense of taste
olfactory
relating to the sense of smell
tactile
relating to the sense of touch
kinetic
relating to motion
chronological order
a method of speech organization in which the main points follow a time pattern
setting
The time and place of a story
point of view
the perspective from which a story is told
significance
importance
narrative arc
the shape that a story takes as it moves from its beginning to its end
exposition
a comprehensive description and explanation of an idea or theory.
narrative hook
the part of the story that catches the reader's attention
rising action
Events leading up to the climax
climax
Most exciting moment of the story; turning point
resolution
End of the story where loose ends are tied up
thesis
a statement or theory that is put forward as a premise to be maintained or proved.
forecasting statement
The last part of the introduction that tells the audience the breakdown and organization of the thesis and or the speech in advance
subordinate clause
a clause, typically introduced by a conjunction, that forms part of and is dependent on a main clause
authority
A reliable, respected source—someone with knowledge.
credibility
A reliable, respected source—someone with knowledge.
trustworthy
able to be relied on as honest or truthful.
tone
Attitude a writer takes toward the audience, a subject, or a character
Ethos (ethical appeal)
using morals and the feelings of right/wrong to sway someone's opinion
Logos (logical appeal)
using sound reasoning or what makes sense to sway someone's opinion
Pathos (emotional appeal)
using strong feelings of sympathy, anger, happiness, etc. to sway someone's opinion
analyze
to look at something carefully by attention to its parts
definition
A statement that gives the meaning of a term.
examples
A simple, representative incident or model that clarifies a point
cause
The reason why something happens
effect
a result or consequence
IMRAD
Introduction
Methods
Results
Discussion
APA format
accepted American Psychological Association form for preparing reports describing psychological research
MLA format
Modern Language Association rules for creating research papers
genus-differentia definition
an existing definition that serves as a portion of the new definition
stipulative definition
When a new word is invented or an existing word is applied in a new way.
generating ideas
The first step in new product development
Brainstorming
the process of getting a group to think of unlimited ways to vary a product or solve a problem
transitions
words or phrases used to connect ideas together
visual rhetoric
The use of images as an integrated element in the total communication effort a speaker makes to achieve the speaking goal
HATS
Headings, Art, Typography, Spacing
Headings
The identifying letters and numbers for columns and rows. Columns are identified with letters, rows with numbers.
access
a means to obtain entry or a means of approach
space
refers to the physical gap
typography
The style and appearance of printed matter.
font
the size, style, and design of text
San Serif
Typeface that does not have the small projecting features called "serifs" at the end of strokes
Serif
A font that has small lines at the beginning and end of characters and that is usually used with large amounts of text.
Hierchary
a system or organization in which people or groups are ranked one above the other according to status or authority.
graphics
drawings, pictures, or other illustrations inserted in a document to either explain data or enhance the appearance of text on a page
Rhetorical Analysis
focuses on a written, visual ,audio text or one that combines words, images, sounds, etc
discourse analysis
focuses on any spoken or written language
Process Analysis
A method of paragraph or essay development by which a writer explains step by step how something is done or how to do something.
Casual Analysis
questions about why something occurred or once occurred
Data Analysis
focuses of compiling, analyzing, and interpreting the results of primary and secondary data collection.
Visual Analysis
a set of techniques used to analyze images
Quantitative data
numerical data
Qualitative data
Data describes the quality or appearance
insight
a sudden and often novel realization of the solution to a problem
message
whatever a speaker communicates to someone else
precise language
strong and carefully chosen words
claim
An assertion, usually supported by evidence
evidence
Collected body of data from observations and experiments
reason
Clear and ordered thinking
visuals
all of the picture elements that are placed into an advertisement
white space
A space between pages in a document.
Multimodal Writing
the use of different modes such as written, oral, non-verbal, and visual to communicate and persuade
Illustrated essay
a rhetorical style that uses examples to support the thesis or main idea of a paragraph or essay.
blog
A series, or log, of discussion items on a page of the World Wide Web
wikis
A website that allows the easy creation and editing of any number of interlinked web pages, using a simplified markup language or a What You See Is What You Get (WYSIWYG) text editor, within the browser.
Audio essays
an essay designed to be heard as a voice recording rather than read silently as text.
video essays
a video that analyzes a specific topic, theme, person or thesis
posters
signs that impart product information or other news of interest to consumers, or that are aimed at employee behavior, such as safety, courtesy, or waste reduction.
Note
Flashcard