AP Lang & Comp - Final

Allusion

A reference to a well known person, event, or media

The mayor’s protean policies mirrored those of his most generous supporters

Allusion

Trust the Midas touch

Allusion

Analogy

Comparison for understanding

Finding a good man is like finding a needle in a haystack

Analogy

That movie was a roller coaster ride of emotions

Analogy

Anecdote

A usually short story of an interesting, amusing, or biographical incident

Last night, I accidentally locked myself out of the house and had to crawl through a small, dusty window to get back in

Anecdote

Once, while rescuing a kitten stuck in a tree, I found myself stranded on a branch, requiring a rescue of my own. This incident highlighted the irony of good intentions and left me with a slightly bruised ego and a new feline friend.

Anecdote

Antithesis

Contrasting language to emphasize contrasting ideas

Better to reign in Hell than serve in Heaven.

Antithesis

This is the night

That either makes me or fordoes me quite.

Antithesis

Argument

Statement backed by evidence

42% of tax payers regularly use a bicycle but 99.8% of the city's transportation budget goes to car infrastructure. This makes no sense.

Argument

Parents should leave education to the experts and stay out of it.

Argument

Diction

The choice and use of words in writing or speech

Sounds like you’ve loaded the wrong wagon

Diction - Colloquial

What a foolish and ignorant thing you just said

Hear my rebuttal and your cheeks will burn red

Diction - Poetic

Distinctio

Writer elaborates on the definition of a world

Love: It would be a long while because, quite simply, I was in love with New York. I do not mean 'love' in any colloquial way, I mean that I was in love with the city, the way you love the first person who ever touches you and never love anyone quite that same way again

Distinctio

Eponym

Talks about someone famous in relation to someone else

Fahrenheit - Gabriel Daniel Fahrenheit

Eponym

America - Amerigo Vespucci

Eponym

Exigence

An issue, problem, or situation that causes or prompts someone to write or speak

Racism

Exigence

Civil Rights

Exigence

Exemplum

An example to illustrate a point

A teacher tells a story about a student who consistently procrastinated and failed a crucial assignment to illustrate the importance of time management to the class.

Exemplum

A parent shares a tale of a friend who lost money in a bad investment to warn their child about the dangers of risky financial decisions.

Exemplum

Hyperbole

Exaggerating a statement for emphasis

I'm so hungry, I could eat a horse.

Hyperbole

I have a million things to do today

Hyperbole

Hypophora

Ask a question, then answer it to inform or pursuade

Why chose our product? - Because it’s the best!

Hypophora

What's the benefit of completing the optional exercises? They will help you study.

Hypophora

Juxtaposition

Contrasting effects are seen or placed close together

Creator (Dr. Frankenstein) vs. creation (the monster)

Juxtaposition

Litotes

Opposite word of the meaning

No great matter

Litotes

Parties just aren't my cup of tea

Litotes

Metaphor

Comparison, speaks one thing as another

She is an open book.

Metaphor

He was a cooked lobster after the beach.

Metaphor

Narrative

A story

Procatalepsis

Objections without question

Mr. Mach may believe we take too much time with positives, but that’s wrong.

Procatalepsis

Rhetorical Question

A question with an implied answer to highlight info

Who is impacted by pollution? Everyone.

Rhetorical Question

Who wouldn’t want to save the whales?

Rhetorical Question

Rhetoric

The study of writing or speaking as a means of communication or persuasion

Sententia

A quotation, or wise saying

“A man's as miserable as he thinks he is.”

Sententia

Simile

Comparison with two somewhat related things, like or as

As light as a feather

Simile

You’re busy as a bee.

Simile

Syntax

The arrangement of words and phrases to create well-formed sentences in a language

Only Batman fights crime.

Batman only fights crime.

Batman fights only crime.

Syntax

Understatement

Less than expected

There’s been a slight problem

Understatement

Welcome to my humble abode.

Understatement

Analysis

A detailed examination of anything complex

Synthesis

The combination of ideas to form a theory or system

Tone

The mood implied by an author's word choice

Mood

The general feeling or atmosphere that a piece of writing creates within the reader