Vet med vocab test #3

Agonal Breathing

Abnormal gasping respirations occurring just before death due to severe hypoxia

Aphonation

Loss or inability to produce normal vocal sounds

Atelectasis

Collapse of alveoli resulting in reduced or absent gas exchange

Cilia

Microscopic hair-like structures lining the respiratory tract that help move mucus and debris

Emphysema

Abnormal accumulation of air within tissues or alveoli causing overdistension

Epistaxis

Bleeding from the nose

Equine Laryngeal Hemiplegia

Paralysis of one side of the larynx in horses causing abnormal respiratory noise and reduced airflow

Hemoptysis

Coughing up blood originating from the respiratory tract

Epiglottis

A flap of cartilage that covers the trachea during swallowing to prevent aspiration

Hypocapnia

Abnormally low levels of carbon dioxide in the blood

Lobectomy

Surgical removal of a lung lobe

Mediastinum

The central compartment of the thoracic cavity between the lungs containing the heart

Nares

The external openings of the nasal cavity

Olfactory Receptors

Sensory cells responsible for detecting odors

Parenchyma

The functional tissue of an organ responsible for its primary activity

Phlegm

Thick mucus produced in the respiratory tract

Pleurisy

Inflammation of the pleura causing chest pain and respiratory discomfort

Polyp

A benign growth projecting from a mucous membrane

Residual Volume

The amount of air remaining in the lungs after maximal exhalation

Pyothorax

Accumulation of pus within the pleural cavity

Rhinitis

Inflammation of the nasal mucosa

Sequela

A condition resulting as a consequence of a previous disease or injury

Sinusotomy

Surgical opening of a sinus cavity

Trephination

Creation of an opening into bone

Transtracheal Wash

A diagnostic procedure where fluid is flushed into the trachea and retrieved for cytologic analysis

Abscess

A localized collection of pus caused by infection

Acariasis

Skin disease caused by mite infestation

Bullae

Large fluid-filled or air-filled blisters within or under the skin

Cicatrix

A scar formed after healing of a wound

Comedo

A clogged hair follicle filled with keratin and sebum

Debridement

Removal of dead or infected tissue to promote healing

Discoid Lupus

An autoimmune skin disease causing lesions

Erythema

Redness of the skin caused by increased blood flow

Eosinophilic Granuloma

An inflammatory lesion associated with allergic or immune-mediated reactions

Exanthema

A widespread skin rash

Fissure

A deep crack or split in the skin or mucous membrane

Furuncle

A deep bacterial infection of a hair follicle producing a boil

Gangrene

Tissue death caused by loss of blood supply or severe infection

Hemangioma

A benign tumor formed from blood vessels

Holocrine Glands

Glands that release secretions through destruction of entire cells

Keratin

A tough structural protein found in skin

Macule

A flat

Necrosis

Death of cells or tissue due to injury or lack of blood supply

Pallor

Abnormal paleness of skin or mucous membranes

Paronychia

Infection or inflammation of the tissue surrounding a nail

Pemphigus

A group of autoimmune skin diseases characterized by blister formation

Pustule

A small

Seborrhea

A disorder of excessive or abnormal sebum production causing flaky or greasy skin

Stratum Lucidum

A thin

Verruca

A wart-like growth caused by papillomavirus

Adulticide

A drug or treatment used to kill adult parasites

Aneurysm

A localized dilation or bulging of a blood vessel due to weakening of the vessel wall

Angiography

A diagnostic imaging technique using contrast material to visualize blood vessels and blood flow

Aorta

The largest artery that carries oxygenated blood from the heart to the rest of the body

Asystole

Complete absence of cardiac electrical activity and heart contraction

Caval Syndrome

A life-threatening condition in dogs caused by heavy heartworm infestation obstructing the vena cava and right heart

Congestive Heart Failure

A condition in which the heart cannot pump effectively

Cor Pulmonale

Right-sided heart enlargement and failure caused by pulmonary disease or pulmonary hypertension

Defibrillation

The use of an electrical shock to restore normal heart rhythm during life-threatening arrhythmias

Embolism

Obstruction of a blood vessel by a traveling clot

Fibrous Pericardium

The tough outer layer of the pericardial sac that protects and anchors the heart

Dysrhythmia

An abnormal heart rhythm caused by irregular electrical activity

Hematoma

A localized collection of blood outside blood vessels

Holter Monitor

A portable device used to continuously record heart electrical activity over 24 hours or longer

Hypoxia

A condition in which tissues receive insufficient oxygen

Inotropy

The force or strength of heart muscle contraction

Ischemia

Reduced blood supply to tissues resulting in decreased oxygen and nutrient delivery

Lumen

The inner open space of a blood vessel or hollow organ

Mitral Valve Prolapse

A condition where the mitral valve bulges backward into the left atrium during contraction

Necrosis

Irreversible death of cells or tissues due to injury

Pleural Effusion

Accumulation of fluid in the pleural cavity surrounding the lungs

Purkinje Fibers

Specialized cardiac muscle fibers that rapidly conduct electrical impulses through the ventricles

Sphygmomanometer

An instrument used to measure blood pressure

Stenosis

Abnormal narrowing of a blood vessel or heart valve

Stent

A small tube placed inside a vessel or duct to keep it open and maintain blood flow