Case Study: Nigeria

Where is Nigeria located?

In West Africa, extended from the Gulf of Guinea in the south to the Sahel in the North.

In 2014, Nigeria place what in the largest economy in the world?

21st Place

How much oil does Nigeria supply to the world?

2.7%

Name 3 jobs that are a part of Nigeria’s diverse economy:

Financial Services, Telecommunications and media.

What place does Nigeria hold as a contributor to UN global peacekeeping missions?

5th place

True or false: Nigeria is one of the fastest growing economies in Africa?

True

Does Nigeria hold the largest population in Africa?

Yes (182,000,000 approx. in 2015)

What were the statistics of Nigeria’s GDP and manufacturing sector in Africa, 2014?

Nigeria had the highest GDP and third largest manufacturing sector

What problems does Nigeria have?

Internal corruption and lack of infrastructure

True or false: Nigeria has the hight manufacturing output in Africa

False: It has the highest farm output (most are subsistence)

What is the capital of Nigeria?

Abuja

What year was Nigeria free from it’s UK colony?

1960

What has affected Nigerian development and what did it lead to?

Political instability leading to widespread corruption

True or false: Since 1987, Nigeria has had a stable government

False: It was since 1999

Nigeria has multiple…

Faiths and ethnicities

What did Nigeria's multi-faith and ethnicity lead to?

A civil war between 1967 and 1970

What is Nigeria's film industry called and what place is it in the world?

Nollywood and its the second largest, behind India.

Economic inequality between the Islamic north and Christian south has lead to…

Unstable situations with negative impact in the economy

What is Nigeria's environment like in the north?

Semi-desert

In the south of Nigeria, there is high…

rainfall and temperatures

Tropical grassland in Nigeria is good for…

Grazing cattle and growing crops like cotton.

The south of Nigeria is mainly forest but also has…

crops such as cocoa

Why is it hard to keep cattle in the south of Nigeria?

Tsetse flies

Give 5 example of Nigeria's political links (just remember the acronym)

• OPEC - aims to stabilise the price of oil and to ensure are regular supply

•ECOWAS - trading group in West Africa

• United Nations - Nigeria has a significant role in peacekeeping

• African Union - Economic planning peacekeeping

• CEN-SAD - trading group and developing sporting links

Name 3 examples of Nigeria's imports and their countries:

•Refined petroleum from the EU and USA

•Cars from Brazil and USA

•Telephones from China

What materials does Nigeria export!

Crude oil, refined petroleum, natural gas, rubber, cocoa and cotton

Name 3 examples about crude oil and Nigeria:

• It dominates Nigeria’s exports

USA had the greatest demand for Nigerian oil

•India is now Nigeria's biggest customer

What two countries are the biggest customers for Nigerian cotton?

Australia (30%) and Indonesia (15%)

What percentage of Nigeria's export earnings come from oil accounts?

95%

What three factors caused Nigeria's economy to become more balanced?

•Fallen employment in agriculture from machinery and better conditions elsewhere

•Growth of communications retail and finance

•Industrialisation and economics growth increased employment in oil production, manufacturing and other industries

True or false: Nigeria's manufacturing growth depends on exports or raw materials

True

Name three ways manufacturing is affecting economic development

•Regular paid work gives a more secure income, leading to large home market for products made in Nigeria

•More people employed means increased revenue from taxes

•Attracts foreign investment

What is a TNC?

A large company that operates in several countries with the headquarters in one country and production plants in several others

Name three advantages of TNCs in Nigeria

•Companies provide employment skills and development of new skills

•Valuable export revenue are earned

•Investment by company to local infrastructure and development

Unilever is a TNC that manufacture items like soap, food and personal care products. Name two thing they have done in Nigeria

• Employ about 1500 people

•Promoted improvements in health care, education and water supply

Name three disadvantages of TNCs in Nigeria:

•Local workers are sometimes poorly paid

•Much of the profit goes abroad

•Working conditions are sometime very poor

Name three advantages about Shell Oil in the Niger Delta:

•Direct employment for 65,000 workers

•91% of all Shell contracts have been place with Nigerian companies

•Major contribution in taxes

Name three Disadvantages of Shell Oil in the Niger Delta

•Oil spills caused water pollution and soil degradation

•Frequent oil flares sending toxic fumes into the air

•Oil theft and sabotage cost TNCs and the government billions every year

When did Shell start extracting oil from the Niger Delta?

1958

What are the two types of aid?

• Emergency aid - following a natural disaster or conflict

•Developmental aid - long term support aiming to improve the quality of life

Short term aid is

emergency help usually in response to a natural disaster

Tied aid is

aid usually given with certain conditions

Voluntary aid is

money donated by thhe public and dstributed by NGOs like Oxfam

Long-term aid is

Sustanable aid that aims to improve resilience e.g wells to reduce drought

Bilateral aid is

aid from one country to another(often tied)

Multilateral aid is

Richer goverments giveing money to an internationa organisation to be then redistributed to poorer countries

What is the aim for Nets for Life

to provide education on malaria prevention and distribute anti-mosquito nets

What aid did the USA give to Nigeria?

Protection against the pread of AIDS/HIV

How much mney did the World Bank loan to help fund development projects and provide loans to businesses in 2014?

US$500 million

Name three factors that prevent aid from being used:

•Corruption

•Dnors may have political influence over what happens with aid

•Country might become more dependant

Nmae three ways economic growth imapcted the environment

•Air pollution

•Damaged ecosystems through urban expansion and industria development

•Oil spills

•Waste disposal

What happened in the Bodo Oil Spills (2008-09)?

•11million gallons of crude oil spilt over 20km squared area

•Disastrous imapcts on the ecosystem and livelihoods of local farmers and fishermen

• In 2015, Shell agreed to pay a £55 million compensation to individuals and the community

Name 4 ways the quality of life should be improve for people

•Better access to safe water and sanitation

•Better quality helth care

•Improved access to a better diet

•Reliable, better paid jobs in manufacturing or services

True or false; Nigeria’s HDI has been increasing steadily since 2005

True

60% of Nigerians live in poverty. What 3 factrs need to be improved to decrease this?

•Political - stable government to encourage inward investment

•Environmental - diseases spread by tsetse flies, desertification and pollution from oil spills

•Social - historical distrust remains between tribal groups. Kidnappings from the militant group Boko Haram spread fear