Last history exam

Democratic Capitalism

Private consumers and producers make economic decisions, what the US was

Authoritarian Communism

Government has all the power, what the USSR was

Fidel Castro

Cuban socialist leader who overthrew a dictator in 1959 and established a Marxist socialist state in Cuba

JFK

35th President of the United States, didn't believe in segregation; president during the Cuban Missile Crisis, got popped(thrice)

Bay of Pigs

An unsuccessful invasion of Cuba in 1961, was sponsored by the United States. Its purpose was to overthrow Cuban dictator Fidel Castro.

Cuban Missile Crisis

The USSR was stockpiling missiles in Cuba, which would make it easy for them to bomb the US at any time, US did the same tho lol

Ho Chi Minh

Communist leader of North Vietnam

Lyndon B. Johnson

President during the Vietnam War after JFK was shot, pushed for more fighting in Nam, big civil rights fella

Gulf of Tonkin Incident

North Vietnam supposedly bombing a US ship in the Gulf of Tonkin, kinda started the actually fighting in Vietnam

The Contentious debate over the Vietnam War

Some people thought Nam war was necessary to stop/prevent communism, while most thought it wasn't our war to fight bc it was in another country that didn't necessarily need out help

Role of TV in Vietnam

The president originally tried to hide what was happening in Nam, then eventually the news started dramatising it

Tet Offensive

a massive surprise attack by the Vietcong on South Vietnamese troop

Richard Nixon

Democratic president, tried to get us out of Nam, impeached after the Watergate Scandal

Great Society

1964, LBJ's policies of fighting poverty and racial injustice

Medicare and Medicaid

Part of the Great Society, helped people, specifically old and poor, get medical care

Gideon vs Wainright

you have a right to have a lawyer represent you if you go to trial

Brown vs Board of Education

Deemed segregation in schools as unconstitutional, tried to unsegregated them, initially opposed by the south

Rosa Parks

Black women who wouldn't move to the back of the bus, got arrested, civil rights activist

Martin Luther King Jr

Baptist minister and leader of the civil rights movement, had the "I Have a Dream" speech, against violence, assassinated

Southern Christian Leadership Conference

1957 group founded by Martin Luther King Jr. to fight against segregation using nonviolent means

Malcom X

Civil rights activist who thought violence WAS the answer

Civil Rights Act of 1964

outlawed discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin

Gloria Steinem

American feminist icon, journalist, and social and political activist.

Phyllis Schlafly

Anti-feminist who led the campaign to defeat the ERA claiming it would undermine the American family

Roe vs Wade

Lifted the ban on abortion in the first two trimesters of a pregnancy, huge for feminists

Ceasar Chavez and Dolores Huerta

Co-founded the United Farm Workers in 1962, fought for farmer and Latino rights in America

American Indian Movement

a civil rights group organized to promote the interests of Native Americans

Kent State Massacre

Kent State students were protesting Nam, National Guard called and killed 4 + more injured

Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries(OPEC)

middle-eastern countries controlled price and quantity of exported oil, bad for US

Three Mile Island

Nuclear powerplant partially melted in Pennsylvania, could have been very harmful to public, wake up call to US with Nuclear energy

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

Tried to reduce pollution and help the environment

Young Americans for Freedom(YAF)

A group of conservatives founded in the 1960s that pushed for traditional values and a strong military

Barry Goldwater

Republican candidate for President in 1964, and initial leader of the conservative movement

John Birch Society

Conservative group who were greatly against communism, seen as extreme

Religious Right

Political faction that pushed for religion to be a greater part of US society

Watergate Scandal

Nixon's administration broke into the Democratic National Committee's space, messed with stuff, led to his impeachment and resignation

Cold War Conservatism

Period of conservatism that blossomed under Reagan and the nearing end of the Cold War

Reaganomics

Similar to Laissez-Faire, the opposite of Keynesian economics, thought that if the rich were doing well their success would trickle down to everyone

Mikhail Gorbachev

Soviet leader who worked with the US, was a reformist

Iran Contra Affair

US would sell weapons to Iran and Reagan would use that money to fund contras in Nicaragua, bad bc Congress has to spend this money, not the president

George H.W. Bush

President when the Cold War ended, helped the Soviet's transition into being Russia, good with international affairs

Berlin Wall

Barrier set up in 1961 to separate East and West Berlin, broken down in 1989, accelerated collapse of USSR

Immigration and Nationality Act

Act that abolished immigration quotas, made it easier for immigrants to come in, caused many immigrants to come in lol

Bush vs Gore

controversial 2000 election that made the final decision on Flordia recounts

9/11

Terrorist group Al-Qaeda hijacked 4 planes and bombed the Twin Towers and the Pentagon, causing more national security + war with Afghanistan/Taliban

Taliban

Terrorist group running Afghanistan

Osama Bin Laden

Founder + first leader of Al Qaeda, killed in 2011

Weapons of Mass Destruction

Biological, chemical, or nuclear weapons that can cause a massive number of deaths in a single use, reduced post Cold War

Saddam Hussein

Iraqi leader who waged war against Iran, big meanie pants

Homeland Security

Created after 9-11 attacks in October 2002 to protect our nation from terrorists attacks

title IX

No one should be excluded or discriminated against on the basis of sex